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Russia's Foreign and Security Policy Transition

Explore Russia's geopolitical landscape, foreign policy transitions post-Cold War, regional concerns, global challenges, priorities, and strategies for enhancing international relations.

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Russia's Foreign and Security Policy Transition

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  1. Foreign and Security Policy East and Central Europe in Transition

  2. Personnel and spelling • Brezhnev • Chernenko • Andropov • Gorbachov • Yeltsin • Putin

  3. Warsaw Pact • Response to NATO • Goals primarily Moscow’s • Keep Germany divided • Push back starting point of land invasion • Expand Communism [Stalin, but not necessarily Khrushchev] • Brezhnev Doctrine

  4. Comecon/CMEA • Economic interdependence • counter to Common Market • planning • specialisation

  5. After “Independence” • Let’s all join NATO • Let’s all join European Union • Who’s really European? • Yanks go home? • Prevent revival of Communism and/or Moscow dominance • Any old scores need settling?

  6. Conflicts • Polish posession of Silesia and half East Prussia • Prussia: Konigsberg/Kaliningrad • Transylvania • Ruthenia

  7. Diasporas • Bulgarian Turks • Dispossessed Germans from 1945-8 • Russians in Ukraine, Latvia, Estonia • Crimean Tartars • Dispossessed and Murdered East European Jewish families from fascist period • Emigrants to U.S., exiled dissidents and defectors

  8. Moscow’s nearby concerns • Far East: Kuriles and Amur/Ussuri river frontiers • Central Asia: Islamic fundamentalism and Tajikistan • Caucasus:Chechnya,Abkhazia,Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia • Europe: CIS or “near abroad”; Baltic States; former Communist states; Western Europe

  9. Moscow’s global concerns • UN role: wants to be taken seriously • Relations with US: partnership turning to rivalry: Serbia, Iraq, other conflicts of interest? • Needs to sell something on world market. What is its economic role to be? • What relations are possible with Japan, Germany, France and China?

  10. Document 10.07.2000 approved Putin June 28th • International relations have been transformed • Cold war over, Russia reformed • Opportunities for cooperation broadened • Threat of global nuclear conflict reduced to minimum • Military power of importance, but econ., political, sci and tech, ecological and info factors increasing in importance

  11. New challenges and threats to Russian national interest • Unipolar world: US dominates both economically and politically • Role of UN Security Council being weakened • Questions of international security being decided by primarily western institutions and “forums of limited composition” • Strategy of unilateral actions is destabilising • Bypassing legal mechanisms will not remove underlying causes of conflict but can undermine foundations of law and order

  12. Russia’s first aim • “ to achieve a multi-polar system of international relations that really reflects the diversity of the modern world with its great variety of interests

  13. Russia’s concerns • Rivalry among regional powers • Growth of separatism, ethnic-national and religious extremism • Integration in the Euro-Atlantic region being pursued selectively • Belittling role of sovereign state is used to legitimise arbitrary interference in internal affairs

  14. More concerens • Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their delivery • Growth of international terrorism • Trafficking in drugs and weapons • Regional and local armed conflicts [Chechnya, Abkhazia, Kosovo Nagorno-karabakh etc.]

  15. Russia’s resources are limited • So it finds it difficult to uphold its economic interests • But the potential for “ensuring itself a worthy place in the world” remains if: • Statehood can be strengthened • Civil society consolidates • Stable economic growth can be achieved

  16. Priorities • Decrease in the role of the power factor • Enhancement of strategic and regional stability

  17. Means • Comply with arms reduction treaties and negotiate new ones • Further bilateral reduction of nuclear potential with US • Control of missile technologies and proliferation • Strategic stability of information security • Reduction and limitation of conventional forces • Strengthening of legal foundation of international peacekeeping in accordance with UN Charter

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