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What is a Model

What is a Model. Wurtz Frédéric Senior researcher UMR CNRS 5269 - Grenoble-INP – Université Joseph Fourier. What is a model. What is a model in general The epistemologic point of view For Optimisation activities The main specificity of a model for design and optimisation

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What is a Model

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  1. What is a Model Wurtz Frédéric Senior researcher UMR CNRS 5269 - Grenoble-INP – Université Joseph Fourier

  2. What is a model • What is a model in general • The epistemologic point of view • For Optimisation activities • The main specificity of a model for design and optimisation • The concepts of SM (Sizing model) and OM (Optimisation model) • Typology of existing models • Analytical, semi-analytical and numerical models • Direct models • Direct and Indirect models • Black and White Boxes • Creation of models for optimisation activity • Declaration, programming, composition • Computation of the sensitivity of the models

  3. What is a model in general? • The epistemologic point of view • Seereference: • ..\References\01-StatutEtnatureDesmodeles • "Statut et nature des modèles que nous utilisons en électrotechnique« F. WURTZ, Electrotechnique Du Futur (EF'2003), Supélec, Gif-sur-Yvette, 9 et 10 décembre 2003, 8 pages • The main keypoint: • Modelsdepends not onlyfrom the physics and the device • Models are non unique construction dependingalsofrom • The project (the context, the objectif, …) • That iswhymodels for design and optimisation are specific • Dependfrom the design parameters • Must allows to give « understanding » • To take, oftenquicklydecisions -about the structure -the formulation of the objectives -the formulation of the constraints • …

  4. What is a model for optimisation? • The main specifiy • Must be linked to the design parameters and performances of the device

  5. What is a typical model for design without optimization? • The concept of Sizing Model • Allows to design but with N1+K1 assumptions • -> Sub-optimal • -> But useful for finding an initial solution -M • See reference: • ..\References\02-ConceptOfSizingModelsAndOptimisationModels • “The Concepts of Sizing and Optimization Model: applied to the Optimal Design of a Permanent Magnet Generator “ • R. CARLSON, F. WURTZ, ACEMP’2011 (International Aegean Conference on Electric Machines and Power Electronics & Electromotion, 08-10 September 2011, İstanbul, Turkey

  6. What is a model for optimisation? • OM: The concept of Optimisation Model • Allows to design associated to an optimisation algorithm • See reference: • ..\References\02-ConceptOfSizingModelsAndOptimisationModels • “The Concepts of Sizing and Optimization Model: applied to the Optimal Design of a Permanent Magnet Generator “ • R. CARLSON, F. WURTZ, ACEMP’2011 (International Aegean Conference on Electric Machines and Power Electronics & Electromotion, 08-10 September 2011, İstanbul, Turkey

  7. What is a model for optimisation? • Difference between the concept of SM and OM • See reference: • ..\References\02-ConceptOfSizingModelsAndOptimisationModels • “The Concepts of Sizing and Optimization Model: applied to the Optimal Design of a Permanent Magnet Generator “ • R. CARLSON, F. WURTZ, ACEMP’2011 (International Aegean Conference on Electric Machines and Power Electronics & Electromotion, 08-10 September 2011, İstanbul, Turkey

  8. What is a model ? • Typology of existing models Less Speed Compromise Speed/Fineness 23/10/2019 • 8 LessFineness

  9. 3D effects What is a model for optimisation ? • The typology of existing models Analytical model Semi-analytical models Numerical approaches Fem, Dynamic Simulation (SABER, …) Reluctool Compromise Knowledge/Fine Physical Modelisation Knowledge/Understanding Fine physical modeling Fineness 23/10/2019 • 9

  10. What is a model for optimisation? • The concept of direct model • Its the proposed approach for design • Indirect model (Surface Response) • Another possible alternative • Development of the GOT approach tool at G2ELAB

  11. What is a model for optimisation? • The concept of white box/ black box • Black box: the model is not accessible (hidden) in the simulation tool • White box: the model and their equations are accessible • Important property for design • The model allows to design • The model is a representation of the understanding by the designer of the physic of the device

  12. Computation of the sensitivity of the models • What are the derivatives • Derivativescanbecomputed by Symboliccomputing

  13. Computation of the sensitivity of the models • Derivativescanbecomputed by Automatic code Differentiation • Seereference: • …\References\03-Automatic-Differentation\COMP2009\COMPEL2009-AD.pdf"Automaticdifferentiation for electromagneticmodelsused in optimization", ENCIU P., WURTZ. F., GERBAUD L., DELINCHANT B., COMPEL: Int J for Computation and Maths. in Electrical and Electronic Eng., ISSN: 0332-1649, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321640910969557, Volume 28, Number 5, 2009, pp. 1313-1326 • …\References\03-Article\04_IEEE_Publie\IEEETransMagENCIU2010.pdf" AutomaticDifferentiationApplied for Optimization of DynamicalSystems" P. ENCIU, L. GERBAUD, F. WURTZ, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, ISSN: 0018-9464, Vol. 46, Issue 8, August 2010, pp. 2943-2946 • …\References\References\04-PhdEnciuPetre« Dérivation de code pour le calcul de sensibilité de modèles de dispositifs du génie électrique », thèse de l’université de Grenoble, https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00441267

  14. Computation of the sensitivity of the models • Use of mathematical theorems • See reference: • …\References\0References\05-HDR-FWurtz\HDR_F_WurtzV16-V0.2.pdf"Conceptions de la conception pour le génie électrique :de l’approche « Objets –Savoirs – Méthodes – Outils » à l’approche « Systèmes – Connaissances – Compétences - Organisations », F. WURTZ, habilitation à diriger les recherches, soutenue le 3 avril 2008, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728244

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