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Using Smartphones to Enable Situation Awareness on Highways

This study investigates the effect of smartphone alerts on driving behavior over a 6-10 week period with 23 drivers. Part I analyzes the immediate impact of alerts on speed and driving smoothness, revealing that alerts led to statistically significant changes in behavior, including a 38% increase in driving smoothness. Part II examines the longevity of the effect, finding that while there is an initial novelty effect in the first three weeks, behavior changes persist beyond this period. The findings underscore the potential of mobile technology to enhance road safety.

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Using Smartphones to Enable Situation Awareness on Highways

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  1. Using Smartphones to Enable Situation Awareness on Highways Christian Manasseh May 3, 2010

  2. Experiment • Mobile phones were provided to 23 drivers: • drivers were asked to drive for 6-10 weeks (2 weeks as baseline, last two weeks learning engine was turned on) Part I - Is there an effect on driver behavior due to the alert? Part II - Is this a lasting effect, or does it fade away with time?

  3. Data Analysis – Part I Two locations analyzed Data from 14 users 50 1sec-GPS traces

  4. Speed profiles with and without alerts vs. distance (Location 1) Alert Issued No Alert Issued (During base-weeks and non-base weeks)

  5. Speed profiles with and without alerts vs. distance (Location 1) Alert Issued No Alert Issued (During base-weeks and non-base weeks)

  6. Space-mean-speed plot for the two cases Alert Issued No Alert Issued (During base-weeks and non-base weeks)

  7. Data Analysis of the smoothness of traces at Location 1 A measurable difference in driver behavior due to the alert • STDEV of speeds for traces with no alerts: 16.45 +/- 3.07 mph (90% confidence) • STDEV of speeds for traces with alerts: 10.13 +/- 2.66 mph (90% confidence) • 38% smoother traces as a result of alerts • Worst case: 4.5% smoother traces

  8. Speed Profiles with and without Alerts (Location 1) Trace “without a dip” Trace “with a dip” Alert Issued No Alert Issued (During base-weeks and non-base weeks)

  9. Change in behavior due to alerts with time Percent of traces that have “dips” per week Weeks of Testing

  10. Conclusion • There is a measurable change in driver behavior due to a soft safety alert • STDEV of speeds for traces with no alerts: 16.45 +/- 3.07 mph (90% confidence) • STDEV of speeds for traces with alerts: 10.13 +/- 2.66 mph (90% confidence) • This change experiences a novelty effect in the first 3 weeks of using the system; the change persists after the first 3 weeks of testing

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