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3.5 SETS

3.5 SETS. Roster Form: use the { } to list the elements of the set ex: { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}. Set Builder Notation: use the { } to describe the properties of the elements of the set ex: { x | 1 < x < 9 }.

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3.5 SETS

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  1. 3.5 SETS Roster Form: use the { } to list the elements of the set ex: { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} Set Builder Notation: use the { } to describe the properties of the elements of the set ex: { x | 1 < x < 9 } Empty Set (Null Set): set that contains no elements ex: { },

  2. Universal Set: the largest set we are using Ex: { x | x is an element of the real numbers} Subset ( ): the list of some or all the elements in a set. Ex: A = { x |0 < x < 9 }Some subsets are: B = {1} C = {1,2} D = {1,2,3} E = {1,2,3,4} ,,, etc.

  3. Complement of a Set (A’): the set of all elements in the universal set that are not in the set . Ex: A = { x |0 < x < 9 } B = { x | multiple of 2 and < 9} B’ = { 1, 3, 5, 7 }

  4. GOAL:

  5. REMENBER THE REAL NUMBERS RATIONALS : Any number that can be written in fraction form 3, 1/3, -5, -1/5, 1+(2/3), …. IRRATIONALS: Numbers that cannot be written in fraction and decimal values do not repeat. π, , INTEGERS: Naturals and Whole and Negative numbers. …-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,….. WHOLE NUMBERS: Naturals and 0 0,1,2,3,…… NATURAL NUMBERS: Numbers we use to count items. 1, 2, 3, 4,……..

  6. REAL-WORLD: Let the Universal set U = {planet’s in Earth’s solar system} and set P = {planets farther from the sun than earth is from the sun}. What is the complement of set P? Write the answers in both forms.

  7. SOLUTION: Remember that the complement of a set are the elements that are not on that set. U = { Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Mercury, Earth, Venus} P = { Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune} COMPLEMENT(P’):Elements not in P P’ = {Mercury, Earth, Venus}

  8. Let U = {days of the week} A = { days of the week with letter N} What are the elements of U? What are the elements of A? How do you find A’? YOU TRY IT:

  9. SOLUTION: a) U = { Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday} b) A = { Sunday, Monday, Wednesday} c) To find A’ we look for the elements that are in U but not in A: { Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday}

  10. VIDEOS: Sets Sets of Numbers: http://www.khanacademy.org/math/probability/independent-dependent-probability/basic_set_operations/v/universal-set-and-absolute-complement http://www.khanacademy.org/math/probability/independent-dependent-probability/basic_set_operations/v/relative-complement-or-difference-between-sets

  11. CLASSWORK:Page 197-198: “DO AS MANY PROBLEMS AS IT TAKES FOR YOU TO MASTER THE CONCEPT!!!”

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