1. Word Processing Introduction Alastair Nottingham Department of Computer Science

2. Course Introduction • Things to be aware of: • 2 x Practicals • ? x Quizzes • 1 x Test (Component) • 1 x Practical Exam (Component) • 1 x Written Exam (Component)

3. Course Information • 7 Lectures over 2 Weeks, including • Introduction (1 Lecture) • Basic Microsoft Word (2 Lectures) • Intermediate Microsoft Word (1 Lecture) • References (1 Lecture) • Recap and LyXdemonstation (1 Lecture) • TBA

4. Introducing the Keyboard • Inherited their design from mechanical typewriters. • Mechanical typewriters used mechanical arms (Typebars) to hit a small metal plate with an embossed, inked letter on its face onto a sheet of paper. The place of next contact was then incremented by shifting the sheet of paper. • Typewriters evolved rapidly from a piano inspired keyboard (1868 Patent) to the now common QWERTY keyboard layout (1878) in an effort to reduce the occurrence of jamming. • Jamming occurs when 2 or more typebars collide near the surface of the paper and get stuck together.

5. Typewriters Original Patent Typewriter Jammed Typebars

6. QWERTY {k-were-tee} • The most common keyboard layout in use in English Speaking countries today. • It refers to the first 6 keys on the top line of the keyboard. • Layout designed to minimise the occurrence of typebar jamming, without sacrificing too much typing speed.

7. Dvorak Layout {de-vor-ak} • Patented in 1936 by Dvorak & Dealy • Adopted by ANSI (American National Standards Institute) in 1982 • Designed to improve upon QWERTY layout. • Developed by studying the English letter frequencies and the physiology of peoples hands. • While not widely accepted, it is included in modern operating systems and has an estimate 100 000 users.

8. A few notes on Typing • Primary Techniques: • Touch Typing • Search and Peck • Buffering (memorise and type) • Thumbing (mobile phones) • Basics of Touch Typing (not examinable) • Keep hands on the “Home Row”, with index fingers on F and J keys respectively. • Keep wrists elevated (avoids carpal tunnel syndrome) • Sit up straight, leaning slightly toward the keyboard from the waist • Place feet flat on the floor, with one foot slightly in front of the other • Keep elbows at sides, with forearms slanted slightly upwards and fingers curved • Use shortcut keys. (Ctrl + S, Ctrl + U, Ctrl + Z) HOME ROW Index Index

9. Pressing Combination Keys • Combination keys provide quick access to special commands. • E.g. • Ctrl + [ - Reduce font size • Ctrl + ] – Increase font size • Ctrl + S – Quick Save • Shift + A – Capital A • Alt + Tab – Switch task focus in windows • To press combination keys, hold down all but the last key, and then tap the last key. CTRL S CTRL ALT DEL

10. Special Keys (Word) • Shift and Caps lock • Change Letter Case • Enter (Return) • New line + Carriage Return • Ctrl & Alt • Shortcut exclusive • Spacebar • Insert Space • Function Keys • Special Functions • Backspace and Delete • Delete Characters • Num Lock • Change between numeric and navigation number pad modes • Navigation • Move the cursor within the editing window • Insert • Changes between “Insert” and “Overtype” key entry modes • Esc • Escape current action / tool 10 5 6 2 1 1 1 3 3 4 3 3 9 7 6 8 8 8 8 8 6

11. Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) • Injury of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems that may be caused by • Repetitive tasks • Forceful exertions • Vibrations • Mechanical compression (pressing against hard surfaces) • Sustained or awkward positions • Symptoms: • Pain in the arm (diffuse – spread over many areas) • Pain worsens with activity • Weakness, lack of endurence

12. Avoiding Injury • Modify posture • Adaptive technology • Special Keyboards, Mice • Speech Recognition • Take breaks • Medical • Braces • Pain medication • Therapy • Exercise • Acceptance (last resort)

13. Introducing Word Processing • Key Functions • Composition (creation) • Editing (changing) • Formatting (modifying look) • Printing and/or Saving (retaining) • 2 Primary Types: • WYSIWYG {wis-see-wig} – What You See Is What You Get • Notepad • Wordpad • Microsoft Word • OpenOffice Writer • WYSIWYM {wis-see-wim} – What You See Is What You Mean • LyX

14. Navigating Microsoft Word 2007 Cursor Cursor

15. Font Group Located in the Home (default) tab Font Size Grow / Shrink Font Typeface (Font) Clear Formatting Bold / Italics / Underline Strikethrough Highlight / Font Colour Change Case Subscript / Superscript

16. The Office (File) Menu

17. Printing Make sure you have the right Printer