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Evolution of Local Government

Evolution of Local Government. Sir Charles Metcalf - like republics, seem to last where nothing else lasts.Like Greek City States - We had City Republics (Ganatantras) VaishaliMegasthenes-3rd c.b.c City Administration consisted Six dept. - 1. Mech. Arts, 2.Foreign Inhabitants 3. Registration

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Evolution of Local Government

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    1. Evolution of Local Government Flourished in India since time immemorial. Indus Valley Civilization -its organisation was association of persons and was not like Kingship in Sumeria or Preistship in Egypt. Local self-governing institutions -Village Panchayat- existed through out the ages. Elphinstone - called it as a miniature state.

    2. Evolution of Local Government Sir Charles Metcalf - like republics, seem to last where nothing else lasts. Like Greek City States - We had City Republics (Ganatantras) Vaishali Megasthenes-3rd c.b.c – City Administration consisted Six dept. - 1. Mech. Arts, 2.Foreign Inhabitants 3. Registration of birth and deaths, 4.Trade, commerce, weights, 5. Sale of manufacture Articles, 6.Collection of taxes.

    3. Evolution of Local Government Village Panchayats - remained undisturbed up to British Period. Urban Areas - undisturbed up to Muslim invasion - institution of kotwal Centralizing tendencies strengthened during British period - end to isolation & self-sufficiency of villages Introduction of centralized judiciary, monetary and governance system

    4. Evolution of Local Government Modern Local Self Government Present form, structure - a British creation. Ancient Indian Local Government - narrow basis, caste or hereditary privileges Limited scope - collection of revenue & protection of life and property. Existing Local Governments - an alien adaptation & nothing traditional.

    5. Evolution of Local Government First Period (1687-1881A.D.) 1687 - First corporation in port town of Madras.(Chennai) ‘Justice of Peace’. 1773 - Passing of Regulating Act. up to 1857 - Need for L.G. was for the functions of ‘Justice of Peace’ after 1857 - financial & administrative need. - war of Independence and transfer of power from East India Company to British Government.

    6. Evolution of Local Government Second Period (1882-1919A.D.) Lord Rippon - Montague Chelmsford Lord Rippon - viewed L.G.instrument of political and popular education with an elective principle.

    7. Evolution of Local Government Third Period (1920-1937A.D.) British response to growing national aspirations. Local bodies under popular provincial minister more executive powers - more financial freedom no radical changes in the structure

    8. Evolution of Local Government Fourth Period (1937-1947A.D.) A set back period as political independence became main focus. Abolition of nomination Introduction of adult suffrage Separation of deliberative & executive wing. Rule-making powers to state government.

    9. Evolution of Local Government Fifth Period – Post Independence Constitutional assembly deliberations -were highly inadequate regarding U.L.Bs. Rural local govt. - received more attention Still we do not have clear cut urbanization policy. Urbanization - something to be curbed / avoided. 74th Constitutional Amendment

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