BIOLOGY EOI PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. BIOLOGYEOI PRACTICE QUESTIONS

2. 1. Dr. Aikman is testing out the effectiveness of a cholesterol reducing drug on humans. He gives the drug to 50 test subjects, each of whom have high amount s of cholesterol. After two months on the drug, the cholesterol of 35% of the subjects has decreased by a significant amount.Dr. Aikman’s study is flawed. What does it lack? • An independent variable • A dependent variable • A hypothesis • A control group

3. 2. Eloise designed an experiment to determine whether the enzyme amylase is best at breaking down proteins, carbohydrates or lipids. The steps for the experiment are shown below but are out of order. 1. Place the test tubes aside for 2 days, the examine any changes to each piece of food 2. Put 5 g of cooked egg white in a test tube A, 5 g of potato in test tube B, and 5 g of beef fat in test tube C. 3. Using a eyedropper introduce 10 ml of 2% amylase solution to each test tube. Lightly shake each tube so the solution completely surrounds each piece of food. 4. With a glass marking pencil, label test tubes A, B, and C. Record which type of food will be placed in each tube.In which order should Eloise perform these steps? • 4-2-3-1 • 4-3-2-1 • 1-2-3-4 • 2-3-4-1

4. 3. According to the data in the table, what would most likelybe the age of a man with a systolic pressure of 140mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 84 mm Hg?A. 25B. 35C. 45D. 55

5. 4. During which age range do the mean systolic and diastolic pressures of women rise higher than those of men?A. Between 20 and 30B. Between 30 and 40C. Between 40 and 50D. Between 50 and 60

6. 5. Sarah hypothesizes that if the tips of new corn plants are removed, then the corn plants will not bend toward a light source. Sarah grows 50 corn plants. She removes the tips from 25 corn plants and does not remove the tips from the other 25. she then places all 50 corn plants in the window sill where they receive identical amounts of light.Which result will provide support for Sarah’s hypothesis? • The 25 corn plants with tips grown straight up and the other 25 bend away from the light. • The 25 corn plants with tips bend away from the light and the other 25 bend toward it. • The 25 corn plants with tips bend toward the light and the other 25 grow straight up. • Both sets of corn plants grow straight up.

7. 6. Four students conducted an experiment on the effect of different additives on plant growth. They added sugar to Plant A, salt to Plant B, coffee grounds to Plant C and baking soda to Plant D. The students added the same mass of each substance to the soil with each watering and they recorded the results each week. They took their plants home with them and measured them for six weeks, recording their results on the same day each week and sharing them in class.What is one problem with the students’ experimental design? • The students should not have exposed the plants to identical amounts of additives. • The students should have recorded their results every day. • The student should not have take the plants to different locations • The students should not have shared their results until the experiment was over

8. 7. Vonda is studying the factors that affect the growth of a species of algae. She wants to determine how temperature affects the growth of the algae.Which should Vonda measure to get the most useful results? • Growth of 20 algae colonies in the dark at different temperatures • Growth of 10 algae colonies at the same temperature receiving different amounts of light • Growth of 20 algae colonies in a light room at different temperatures • Growth of 10 algae colonies at the same temperature receiving the same amount of light

9. 8. Which measurement range is the best estimate for the mass of cholesterol in a large chicken egg? • 200-225 milligrams • 200-225 millimeters • 2.0-2.25 kiloliters • 2.0-2.25 kilograms

10. 9. For an experiment, Dr. Franklin grows ten colonies of the same bacteria at a constant temperature of 88º C. He then introduces different quantities of the same antibiotic to each colony. Finally, he records the percentage of bacteria that die in each colony.What is the independent variable in Dr. Franklin’s experiment? • The number of bacteria that die in each colony • The type of antibiotic introduced to each colony • The type of bacteria grown in each colony • The amount of antibiotic introduced to each colony

11. 10. Which of the following is an incorrect laboratory procedure? • Heating a liquid in a test tub covered by a cork • Taking off jewelry before beginning a lab experiment • Wearing safety goggles while using a bunsen burner • Using tongs to pick up a recently heated test tube

12. 11. Which activity requires the use of gloves? • Examining a paramecium under a microscope • Measuring the diameter of an aspen tree • Sampling a population of blue heron • Gathering a bacteria sample from a restroom

13. 12. Which of the following should be put in a biological container? • An agar plate with a bacteria culture • Pieces of a broken test tube • A microscope slide of an amoeba colony • Unused hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

14. 13. Which is the best conclusion about the relationship between soil temperature and the thickness of moss on the forest floor? • Moss acts as an insulator to keep the soil warm • Moss prevents sunlight from reaching the soil • Moss growth increases as soil grows warmer • There is no relationship between soil temperature and moss thickness

15. 14. A class designed an experiment to test the effects of vigorous physical activity on the human heart rate. The steps for the experiment are shown in order below. 1. Choose 10 students from class 2. Have each student perform as many step ups as they can in 2 minutes 3. Measure the pulse rates of each student after exercising and record the results in a data table. 4. Develop a graphic display to show the results • Dr. Pantano, the teacher tells the class that the experiment is flawed. How does the class need to change its experimental procedure? • Change step 1 so that the experiment has equal numbers of boys and girls • Take the resting pulse rates of the students between Steps 1 and 2 • Change Step 2 so that the students do as many step ups as they can in 3 minutes • Change step 1 so that the experiment has twice as many students

16. 15. A researcher studying a species of bird made the following hypothesis: If a male bird knows five or more songs, then it will have higher reproductive success than males birds that know four or fewer. The researcher observed many birds for several generations. She found that, on average, male birds that knew five or more songs produced as many offspring as male birds that knew four or fewer songs. • Based on these results, should the researcher accept or reject the hypothesis? • Accept, because a few of the male birds that knew five or more songs produced a higher that average number of offspring. • Reject, because a few of the male birds that knew four or fewer songs produced a higher than average number of offspring • Accept, because all of the male birds produced on average the same number of offspring • Reject, because all of the male birds produced on average the same number of offspring

17. 16. Hank is performing a simulation in class. Hank hypothesizes that if potato cubes are placed in solutions with different concentrations of sugar molecules, then the potato cube in the solution with the highest concentration of sugar molecules will show the greatest change in mass. Hank prepares four different solutions with four different concentrations of sugar and puts a potato cube in each of them. His results are shown below.

18. 16. (continued)Based on these results, should Hank accept or reject his hypothesis? • Accept, because all the potato cubes in sugar solutions lost mass • Reject, because none of the potato cubes in the experiment gained mass • Accept, because the potato cube in the solution with the highest concentration of sugar molecules had the greatest change in mass • Reject, because the potato cube in the solution with the lowest concentration of sugar molecules showed the least change in mass

19. 17. A scientist wants to investigate the effect of light intensity on the rate of growth in a plant species. The scientist exposes the plants to different intensities of light for 10 weeks. After 10 weeks, she will take measurements of the total biomass of each plant.Which method should the scientist use to collect data in her experiment? • Measure the volume of each plant with a 1,000 ml beaker filled with water and the temperature of the plant’s soil with a thermometer. • Measure the liquid in each plant with a pipette and the time each plant took to grow with a stopwatch • Measure the root length of each plant with a ruler and the size of the plants cells with a microscope • Measure the height of each plant with a ruler and the mass of each plant with a balance

20. 18. A class designed an experiment to investigate how salt concentration affects the action of a contractile vacuole in a paramecium. The steps for the experiment are shown below but are out of order. 1. make a line graph displaying the data 2. Record how long it takes a contractile vacuole of a paramecium from each colony to expand and contract 3. Make a hypothesis on how salt concentration affects the action of a paramecium’s contractile vacuole 4. Put one colony of a paramecium into freshwater, one colony into a 1% salt solution and one colony into a 2% salt solution • In which order should the class perform these steps? • A. 2-4-3-1 • B. 4-1-2-3 • C. 3-2-1-4 • D. 3-4-2-1

21. 19. A veterinarian wants to estimate the quantity of blood in an adult bull. Which unit would be best to use for this estimate? • A. microliters • B. cubic meters • C. liters • D. kiloliters

22. 20. Students will conduct a laboratory experiment using the following materials: a Bunsen burner, a beaker of water, glass tubing, four test tubes containing different chemicals and rubber stoppers. Which of these steps is most critical for students to follow when using these materials in the lab? • Wearing eye protection at all times • Writing the lab procedure in a notebook • Washing hands before starting the experiment • Placing a stopper on all test tubes before heating them

23. 21. Students are conducting an experiment to determine if sugars are present in foods. They heat a test tube containing a sugar solution in a beaker of water. Which of these is an unsafe laboratory practice in this experiment? • Heating the sugar solution in a closed test tube • Rinsing hands with water after handling the materials • Using a test tube clamp to hold the test tube • Wearing safety goggles while heating the sugar solution

24. 22. A group of students conducted an experiment to study the growth of bean plants. They used two pots labeled “A” and “B”. Each pot contained 20 small bean plants of similar height. All the plants were treated alike except for the solution they received. Each day for 5 days the plants in Pot A were given 40 milliliters of distilled water, while the plants in Pot B were given 40 milliliters of distilled water containing one gram of fertilizer. The table below shows the average height of the plants in each pot for each day of the experiment

25. 22. (continued)Which of these is being tested in this experiment? • The effectiveness of the water used on the plants • The effectiveness of the fertilizer used on the plants • The maximum height the plants will reach • The number of days the plants will grow

26. 23. The breathing rate of a goldfish can be measured by the number of times the goldfish opens its mouth. In an experiment, students placed a goldfish in a container of water at 26°C and counted the number of times the fish opened its mouth. They gradually lowered the water temperature and counted the number of times the fish opened its mouth at 20°C, 14°C, 8°C and 2°C. The results are shown in the table below.

27. 23. (continued)Which of these procedures would be a good control for this experiment? • Use a different kind of fish for each water temperature • Determine the breathing rate of a goldfish kept at a constant 26°C • Put the goldfish in 2°C water and then increase the temperature • Repeat the experiment using a different species of goldfish

28. 24. A student’s hypothesis is that increased exercise causes increased heart rate. Heart rate is determined by taking the pulse, which is measured in beats per minute (BPM).Which of the following data would support this student’s hypothesis? • When sitting, her pulse was 70 BPM; when standing, her pulse was 50 BPM • When running, her pulse was 100 BPM; when sitting, her pulse was 60 BPM • When sitting, her pulse was 90 BPM; when walking, her pulse was 80 BPM • When running, her pulse was 65 BPM; when standing, her pulse was 70 BPM

29. 25. Which of these instruments should a student use to measure the length of a housefly? • Microscope • Metric ruler • Funnel • Graduated cylinder

30. 26. Researchers believe that zebra mussels are ten times more effective in removing toxic contaminants like PCB’s than are native mussels. Which of these experiments would test this hypothesis? • Place 20 zebra mussels in a tank with PCB’s and 20 zebra mussels in another tank without PCB’s. Test PCB levels after one week. • Place 20 zebra mussels in a tank with PCBs and 20 native mussels in another tank without PCBs. Test PCB levels of each tank after one week. • Place 20 zebra mussels in a tank with PCBs and 20 native mussels in a tank PCBs. Test PCB levels of each tank after one week. • Place 20 native mussels in a tank with PCB’s and 20 native mussels in a tank without PCBs. Test PCB levels of each tank after one week.

31. 27. Which of these should be done before beginning a laboratory investigation? • Collect data • Review the procedure • Draw conclusions • Record data on tables

32. 28. A biology class is conducting an experiment with a single insect species. Five groups of students each perform the following steps.-They put a piece of filter paper in the bottom of a petri dish-They dampen half of the filter paper with water-They cover half of the lid of the petri dish with aluminum foil-They put on the lid to create four mini-environments within the petri dish.-They wait 10 minutes, then remove the lid and record their observations in the following table.

33. 28. (continued) Based on the data in the table, in what type of a natural environment is the species most likely to be found? • in a rotting tree stump in a forest • under a long stone slab in a desert • next to the water on a sandy beach • on tall blades of grass in a prairie

34. 29. Which of the following is most likely an incorrect laboratory procedure? • Using a hotplate to boil 50 ml of water in a heat-resistant beaker. • Using gloves, goggles and an apron to handle a corrosive chemical. • Using a scalpel to cut open a frog for dissection. • Using your nose to determine whether a chemical is giving off a harmful substance.

35. 30. A student is measuring the effect of temperature on the rate of an enzyme reaction. In an experiment, she will put pieces of cow liver into test tubes, chill each piece of liver to a different temperature, introduce equal amounts of the enzyme to each test tube and then measure how long it takes the reaction to run its course.Which instruments should the student use in this experiment? • microscope, thermometer, metric ruler • thermometer, pipette, stopwatch • stopwatch, digital balance, pipette • digital balance, metric ruler, graduated cylinder

36. 31. An ecologist wants to measure the amount of dissolved oxygen in a sample of lake water.Which measurements would be best to use on a sample of lake water? • Grams of O2 for each kiloliter of water • Kilograms of O2 for each kilometer of water • Milligrams of O2 for each microliter of water • Milligrams of O2 for each liter of water

37. 32. Troy is studying the factors that affect the growth of a species of mold. He wants to determine how light affects the growth rate of the mold.Which should Troy measure to get the most useful results? • Growth of 20 mold colonies in the dark at different temperatures • Growth of 20 mold colonies in a lighted room at the same temperature • Growth of 10 mold colonies at the same temperature receiving different amounts of light • Growth of 10 mold colonies at the same temperature receiving the same amount of light

38. 33. A class designed an experiment to test the effects of pH on the population growth rates of a species of paramecium. The steps for the experiment are shown below but are out of order. 1. Put roughly equal numbers of paramecium and food source into jars A and B. 2. Each day, take a water sample from the same place in each jar. Use a microscope to estimate the size of the paramecium population. Record the findings in a data table. 3. Fill two jars with distilled, neutral water. Change the pH of jar A to 6 and the pH of jar B to 8. 4. Develop a graphic display to show results. • In which order should the class perform these steps? • 4-2-1-3 • 3-1-2-4 • 1-2-3-4 • 1-3-4-2

39. 34. Dean is conducting an experiment with corn plants. He performs the following steps:-He puts four corn seeds in four separate pots-He puts a large paper cup over each pot-He punches one hole in the bottom of each cup. Each hole is a different size-Each day, he removes the paper cups, waters the plants equally, observes the seedlings and records his observations • What is the independent variable in Dean’s investigation? • The amount of light each seedling experienced • The amount of fertilizer each seedling was given • The amount of water each seedling received • The amount of height each seedling grew

40. 35. Which of the following is an example of incorrect laboratory procedure? A. Testing whether a clear, odorless liquid is water by tasting it. B. Telling a teacher of a spill before cleaning it up C. Pointing a heated test tube away from other students D. Disposing of an unused chemical instead of returning it to its container

41. 36. Shown below are the steps a student will complete in order to study the effect light has on the number of microscopic algae freshwater. 1. Place one jar of pond water in the sun and one in the shade for a week 2. Use a microscope to count the number of microscopic algae in one milliliter from jar A and one milliliter from jar B. 3. Label two jars A and B. 4. Collect two jars of pond water. • Which of these is the best order in which to do these steps? • 3-4-2-1 • 4-2-3-1 • 3-4-2-1-2 • 4-2-1-2-3

42. 37. A biologist hypothesized that if a male scissor-tailed flycatcher performs a complex flight patter called a sky dance, then he will be more reproductively successful than a male that does not perform the sky dance. The biologist observed flycatchers for several weeks and recorded the number of female flycatchers that came into the area while a male was performing the sky dance. • What is the dependent variable in this experiment? • The total number of flycatchers observed by the biologist • The number of male flycatchers that performed a sky dance • Whether or not a male flycatcher performed a sky dance • The number of female flycatchers that came into a male’s area

43. 38. Maria wants to conduct an experiment to determine if music would affect the ability of rats to find a piece of cheese at the end of a maze. She knows she must complete the following steps. 1. Record data while conducting repeated trials of rats running the maze with and without music playing 2. Draw a conclusion 3. Create a hypothesis: Music will have no effect on the ability of rats to complete the maze. 4. Analyze results. • In what order should Maria conduct the steps? • 3-2-1-4 • 1-4-3-2 • 3-1-4-2 • 1-2-3-4

44. 39. John Needham, an eighteenth century biologist, performed an experiment to support the theory that nonliving things can be transformed into living things. To do this, he briefly boiled a broth solution in a flask that has a loose-fitting cork placed in its mouth. Then he observed the broth in the flask for three days to check for signs of life. He thought that boiling would kill anything that may have been living in the broth. And placing the cork in the flask would keep any living things from entering it. Needham expected that living things would appear in the broth in a few days, turning the broth cloudy. Needham’s observations from his experiment are described below.

45. 39. (continued)Several years later a biologist named Lazzaro Spallanzani conducted a similar experiment, but boiled his broth for a longer time. His broth did not turn cloudy. • Which statement is the best conclusion based on the results of the two experiment? • The type of broth Needham used could not support living things. • There were no living things in Needham’s broth before he boiled it. • Some living things survived the brief boiling time in Needham’s experiment • Growth of living things was stimulated by the longer boiling time in Spallanzani’s experiment

46. *Using the information from Question 3940. Which of these factors probably had the greatest effect on the outcome of Needham’s experiment? • The size of the flask • The type of broth in the flask • The amount of broth in the flask • The amount of time the broth was boiled

47. * Use information in Question 3941. Did John Needham’s observation support his hypothesis? • Yes, because he kept careful records • No, because the broth should have stayed clear • Yes, because the contents of the flask became cloudy • No, because it took several days for the broth to turn cloudy

48. * Use information from Question 3942. What was the dependent variable in Needham’s experiment? • The appearance of the broth after boiling • The length of time the broth was boiled • The temperature of the broth in the flask • The volume of the broth in the flask

49. * Using the information on Question #3943. Which of these presents the most serious safety hazard? • Heating a sealed flask • Sealing a flask • Filling an empty flask with broth • Observing the broth in a sealed flask

50. 44. Jose wants to test the effect of temperature on the activity of a digestive enzyme. He will need the white part of a hardboiled egg, test tubes, an ice bath, and 20 milliliters of the digestive enzyme pepsin.These are the steps, but they are not shown in the correct order: 1. Place one test tube in the ice bath and one on a sunny window 2. Record observations. 3. Place 1 gram of egg white and 5 milliliters of pepsin in each test tube. 4. Make and record a hypothesis. • In what order should Jose perform the steps? • 1-2-3-4 • 4-3-2-1 • 4-3-1-2 • 1-2-4-3