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Near Real-Time Deforestation Detection for Enforcement of Forest Reserves in Mato Grosso

Near Real-Time Deforestation Detection for Enforcement of Forest Reserves in Mato Grosso. Washington DC March 9-10, 2009. Land Governance in Support of the MDG’s: Responding to New Challenges. Carlos Souza Jr., Ph.D. Senior Researcher souzajr@imazon.org.br. Contributions from:

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Near Real-Time Deforestation Detection for Enforcement of Forest Reserves in Mato Grosso

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  1. Near Real-Time Deforestation Detection for Enforcement of Forest Reserves in Mato Grosso Washington DC March 9-10, 2009 Land Governance in Support of the MDG’s: Responding to New Challenges Carlos Souza Jr., Ph.D. Senior Researcher souzajr@imazon.org.br Contributions from: Sanae Hayash Aldalberto Veríssimo www.imazon.org.br

  2. Deforestation in Mato Grosso, Brazil • Area of 903.357 km2 with 47% within the Amazon Biome • 6,800 km2/year was the average annual deforestation from 2000 to 2008, • 37% of the total deforestation in this period (i.e. 61,600 km2) Source: Prodes-INPE (http://www.obt.inpe.br/prodes/) Souza Jr., Land Governance Conference

  3. Land Categories and Forest Reserves in Mato Grosso The majory of the Forest Reserves in Mato Grosso are outside protected areas, and are subjected to the Brazilian Forest Code. Souza Jr., Land Governance Conference

  4. Brazilian Forest Code • Area of Permanent Protection - APP • Forest and original vegetation must be preserved: • along rivers (varies from 30 to 500 m) • 1/3 from the top of hills • High slope areas (> 30%) • Legal Reserve (LR) • Forest area within a rural property, excluding the Area of Permanent Protection (APP), for sustainable use and conservation purposes (Art. 1º, § 2º III, da MP 2.166-67/2001) • LandownerswithintheAmazonBiome are required to keep 80% oftheirproperty as Legal Reserve. Souza Jr., Land Governance Conference

  5. Defining Legal Reserve: Mato Grosso Land Tenure System (SLAPR) SLAPR – “Sistema de Licenciamento Ambiental de Propriedades Rurais” Rural Property Environmental Licensing System Souza Jr., Land Governance Conference

  6. SLAPR – SIMLAM (Web Access) http://monitoramento.sema.mt.gov.br/simlam/template.aspx?destino=Mapas.aspx

  7. Integrated Approach to Monitor andControlDeforestation • Detection and identification of illegal deforestation • Spatial Analyses Monitoring Licensing Field Enforcement • Registry and technical analysis • Granting licenses and authorizations • Field operations • Serving violation notices Legal Compliance • Administrative • Civil • Criminal Souza Jr., Land Governance Conference

  8. Deforestation Alert System (SAD – Sistema de Alerta de Desmatamento) May 24, 2004 June 09, 2004 June 25, 2004 July 11, 2004 July 27, 2004 August 12, 2004 August 28, 2004 July 27, 2004 May 24, 2004 June 25, 2004 August 28, 2004 Deforestation Time-Series MODIS Imagery 145 Julian Day 177 Julian Day 209 Julian Day 241 Julian Day Total area = 3100 ha Deforestation Rate = 30 ha/dia

  9. SAD 2.0 - Sistema de Alerta de Desmatamento Image Endmembers Daily image Temporal Composite 2 1 SMA % GV % Soil % NPV to t1 Monthly Statistics Forest Change Detection 3 NDFI 4 Desmatamento Anterior Floresta Degradação Florestal Desmatamento Desmatamento: NDFI <125 Degradação: 125< NDFI >165

  10. Deforestation Bulletin: Forest Transparency Souza Jr., Land Governance Conference http://www.imazon.org.br/novo2008/publicacoes_ler.php?idpub=672

  11. Detecting Illegal Deforestation in Forest Reserves of Mato Grosso with SAD Deforestation at Juruena National Park, MT

  12. Deforesation Detected with SAD in Mato Grosso (2004-2008) Souza Jr., Tenure registration in Mato Grosso.

  13. Monitoring Legal Reserve of Rural Properties Illegal Deforestation in Rural Properties Deforestation in Rural Properties Legal Reserve in Rural Properties Souza Jr., Tenure registration in Mato Grosso.

  14. Enforcing Forestry Code Mato Grosso State web page. SEMA willenforcelandownersresponsible for illegaldeforestationdetectedby SAD Souza Jr., Tenure registration in Mato Grosso.

  15. Strategic Dissemination NGO ConfirmsDeforetationIncrease DeforestationIncreases in theRainySeason Photo: ICV Souza Jr., Tenure registration in Mato Grosso.

  16. Law Enforcement in Protected Areas

  17. Law Enforcement in Protected Areas

  18. Conclusions • Mato Grosso State has the most advanced Land Tenure System in place in the Brazilian Amazon • The system can be integrated with satellite imagery to detected illegal deforestation • Transparency has increased in the forest sector but law enforcement is still not effective Souza Jr., Tenure registration in Mato Grosso.

  19. Acknowledgement • David and Lucile Packard Foundation • Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Souza Jr., Tenure registration in Mato Grosso.

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