“New Immigrants”

2. “New Immigrants”

4. (10 pts) Research the topics of immigration and urbanization during the industrial era (1870s through 1920s) • You should first focus on your textbook, chapter 15, for background information. Pop in and see Mr. Davidson for resources in our library. You must use at least two additional sources for information (websites, books, articles, documentaries) for further detail. • Answer the 6 research questions. For each, include specific detail that you find in your research and site what sources you used.

5. Research Topics (10 pts for DETAILED answers) • BACKGROUND- culture of native country • PUSH/ PULL- why did you come to America • TRIP OVER; ARRIVAL • LIFE IN AMERICA (ETHNIC NEIGHBORHOODS IN CITIES) • JOBS/ WORKING CONDITIONS • “NATIVISM”- discrimination faced

6. (30 pts)Tell your story! As an immigrant, you will tell your story using one of the following formats: • A series of diary entries (they can be spread out over time) • You are old and writing your “memoirs” so your grandkids can know what it was like to come to America.

7. Choose ONE of the following groups to base your project on:

8. REQUIREMENTS FOR DIARY/ MEMOIR • Your diary or memoir should cover all the topics listed (previous page). Be sure to incorporate specific historical details from your research. • Your diary/ memoir should be at least 500 words (the equivalent of at TWO, typed, double spaced pages) • If you choose to be more creative, you may hand write it. If not for creative purposes, please type it • You will also need to attach an MLA properly formatted works cited page to your paper. The paper should have at least two sources not including the textbook. • Extra Credit opportunity: (Up to 5 points, based on effort, relevance and accuracy) • draw images to help describe your experiences. • Be creative- make it look like a real diary, etc…. Take pictures of yourself dressed in character…. Bring in food

9. RUBRIC (50 PTS)

10. Some useful websites: • Some sources of information: there are tons of sites on turn of the century New York City and San Francisco. • Digital History: http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=415 • All sorts of information on “new immigrants” • History Channel: http://www.history.com/topics/ellis-island (text and video) • http://www.ellisisland.org/ • Swedish immigration: http://www.americanwest.com/swedemigr/pages/emigra.htm • http://www.gilderlehrman.org/search/site/?q=new+immigrants&submit=search+website • http://angelisland.org/ • http://regentsprep.org/regents/ushisgov/themes/immigration/new_immigration.htm • Jacob Riis photographs of New York City slums: http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ma01/davis/photography/images/riisphotos/slideshow1.html • Urbanization: http://www.theusaonline.com/people/urbanization.htm • Videos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WC5khhWvdBY (America the Story of Us: Cities) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4wzVuXPznk (ellis island)

11. UNIT 1- INDEPENDENCE • Colonies/ geography: • Differences between the 3 regions- geography of regions, impact on economies • Importance of Atlantic Ocean, Appalachian Mountains, Mississippi River • Theory of mercantilism - how British benefitted • Salutary neglect • Foundations of American Rights: • Enlightenment • John Locke • Magna Carta • Zenger trial • Mayflower Compact • Town meetings • House of Burgesses • Road to Revolution: • What was the French and Indian War fought over? • CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION (“timeline”) • ***How and why Britain changed policies after French and Indian War (essay) • Proclamation of 1763 • Stamp Act and colonial reaction • Thomas Paine (Common Sense) • Townshend Acts and colonial reaction (Nonimportation/ boycotts) • How is “taxation of representation” a violation of rights? • How did each event lead to the next: • Boston Tea Party-- Intolerable Acts--- First Continental Congress • Declaration of Independence • Significance • historical context • How it justifies war • ideas behind it- John Locke, natural rights

12. UNIT 2- CONSTITUTION • Articles of Confederation • What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? • Why did they create a weak central government? • Northwest Ordinance- significant accomplishment under the Articles of Confederation- what did it call for? • Shay’s Rebellion- reaction and significance. • Constitutional Convention • What were the delegates instructed to do in Philadelphia? • 3/5 Compromise- • Great Compromise- • The Constitution (STUDY “CHEAT SHEETS”, READING GUIDES) • PRINCIPLES: • Federalism- division of power between national and state governments • Reserved powers to the states: • delegated powers to the national government: • concurrent powers: • Separation of Powers- roles of the three branches. Powers of the three branches. • Key powers given to the Legislative Branch • 7 “Roles of the president”(HATS OF THE PRESIDENT) • Checks and Balances- what is it? Know examples of it. • Executive checks on legislative and judicial: • Legislative checks on executive and judicial: • judicial checks on legislative and executive: • Limited power- how does the Constitution limit the power of government? • Flexibility- How is the Constitution able to adapt to changing times? • judicial review, • elastic clause • amendments • What part of the federal government does the people have the most influence over? • What is the electoral college? Why do some people think it is undemocratic? • “supremacy clause”- what happens if a state law goes against the constitution? What power does the Supreme Court have? • Ratification and the Bill of Rights • Federalist Papers- what was their purpose and importance? • Key arguments of Federalists and Anti-Federalists over ratification • Bill of Rights: • Why were they added? • Key provisions of the Bill of Rights: You need to be familiar with the following amendments • What rights do they guarantee? • #1 • 4 5 6 • 10

13. UNIT 3- EARLY REPUBLIC • Presidency of George Washington: • Precedents/ “unwritten constitution”: first cabinet political parties 2term presidency • Whiskey Rebellion- enforcing federal law (excise tax on whiskey) • Foreign Affairs: NEUTRALITY: Farewell Address/ Proclamation of Neutrality • FIRST TWO POLITICAL PARTIES: Federalists versus Democrat Republicans: • Differing ideas of Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton: • Strong national or state government? Role of government in the economy- Manufacturing or farming? • France or Britain? Strict or loose construction of the Constitution? For or against tariffs? • For or against the National Bank? (LOOSE CONSTRUCTION- elastic clause) Power with “people” or elite? • Hamilton’s financial plan: Define each part, and explain why they are controversial (why does Hamilton want them? Who opposes them? Why?) • assumption of debt National Bank Tariffs Excise taxes (Whiskey Rebellion) • John Adams Presidency: “undeclared war” at sea with France… • state v. federal power: Alien and Sedition Acts Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions- doctrine of nullification • Thomas Jefferson Presidency: • Louisiana Purchase- Jefferson’s dilemma as a strict constructionist. of the constitution- • Significance of acquiring Mississippi River and New Orleans (trade for farmers in west) • Lewis and Clark expedition- purpose • Foreign Affairs: Problems with England (impressments of sailors)- Embargo of 1807- was it effective? Impact on economy • James Madison Presidency:War of 1812: • Causes/ effects (“impressment” of sailors; arming natives in west- Tecumseh) • SECTIONALISM: popular in west, hurts trade: Hartford Convention- NE Federalists consider secession • Andrew Jackson- hero at New Orleans • James Monroe Presidency • American Plan- “internal improvements”- roads/ canals connect eastern cities to western farms • Nationalism v. Sectionalism- why regions disagree on tariffs, nullification, slavery, etc. • cotton gin: slavery grows in south and moves west after cotton gin makes cotton “king” • MISSOURI COMPROMISE- settles the question of the expansion of slavery in western territories; keeps balance of slave and free states • MONROE DOCTRINE: neutrality in Europe, defend independent nations in Latin America • Jackson Presidency • growth of “democracy”- universal male suffrage, 2nd two party system- Democrats and Whigs disagree on tariffs, National Bank, state v. federal power • use of the “spoils system”- giving gov’t jobs to supporters • states’ rights: South Carolina Nullification of “Tariff of Abominations” • Indian Removal Act Worcester v. Georgia decision ignored Cherokee Trail of Tears • John Marshall’s Supreme Court • His decisions STRENGTHEN THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OVER THE STATES • McCulloch v. Maryland- Bank of US is constitutional; states can’t tax fed. gov. • Gibbons v. Ogden- only federal gov’t can regulate interstate commerce • Marbury v. Madison- establishes judicial review (unwritten constitution)

14. UNIT 4- MANIFEST DESTINY/ CIVIL WAR • REFORMERS • The goal of abolitionism Seneca Falls Convention 1848/ Declaration of Sentiments • William Lloyd Garrison and the Liberator • MANIFEST DESTINY • Manifest Destiny- arguments for it at the time; why was land desired? Role of James K Polk- “54 40 or fight” • How was it done? Oregon Purchase, Texas Annexation, War with Mexico • Conflict over slavery in the territories leading to the crises in the 1850s (California--- Compromise of 1850) • ROAD TO CIVIL WAR (ESSAY) • Compromise of 1850 Fugitive Slave Act Underground Railroad • Uncle Tom’s Cabin Kansas Nebraska Act (popular sovereignty) Bleeding Kansas • Creation of the Republican Party Dred Scott v. Sanford Raid on Harper’s Ferry • Election of Abraham Lincoln • LINCOLN AND THE CIVIL WAR • His stance on rights of states to secede/ goal in Civil War • 1st inaugural- his goal was to “preserve the Union” • Examples of increasing presidential powers- • calling up army w/o congressional approval, • suspending habeas corpus, • censoring newspapers and arresting editors • Emancipation Proclamation • 13th Amendment • Advantages/ disadvantages

15. UNIT 5 RECONSTRUCTION • Plans for Reconstruction: • What was Lincoln’s main goal in his Reconstruction plan? • What were the beliefs/ goals of the Radical Republicans’ Reconstruction plan? • How did their Reconstruction plans differ from the presidents’ (why did they oppose them)? • Radical Reconstruction: • Republican governments under Reconstruction: • scalawags, carpetbaggers, freedmen • military occupation of the south • Impeachment of Andrew Johnson- what was the underlying conflict between Johnson and the Radicals? What constitutional principle does the event show? • Reconstruction success: • 13th Amendment • 14thamemdment • 15th Amendment • End of Reconstruction: Segregation established in the South: • Why did southern states establish poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses? • sharecropping- define; what was the effect • what happened to African American rights after Reconstruction? • Compromise of 1877 • Segregation • Ku Klux Klan • Jim Crow laws • What do the following Supreme Court decisions decide regarding 14th Amendment and segregation? • Civil Rights Cases (1883) • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) • Brown v. Board of Education (1954)