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Mobile Communication Middleware

Mobile Communication Middleware. By: Lekometsa Mokhesi Anisa Ragalo Supervisor: Ken Macgregor. Presentation Structure. I Lekometsa will do: Introduction Project Description Questions Tackled Anisa will continue with: Middleware Description Architecture Some Design Challenges

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Mobile Communication Middleware

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  1. Mobile Communication Middleware By: Lekometsa Mokhesi Anisa Ragalo Supervisor: Ken Macgregor

  2. Presentation Structure • I Lekometsa will do: • Introduction • Project Description • Questions Tackled • Anisa will continue with: • Middleware Description • Architecture • Some Design Challenges • And in conclusion • Risks • Timeline

  3. Introduction • Computing is going mobile and ubiquitous. We are reaching a situation where an increasing number of applications and services are available for mobile users. • In the ubiquitous paradigm, the user can access services anywhere, at any time, and with any terminal device he or she desires to use.

  4. Challenges • Ubiquitous systems are highly dynamic – as the user is mobile, the set of available resources keeps changing all the time. • Thus, ubiquitous applications introduce great challenges to application developers, especially when resource limited mobile devices are in question.

  5. Project Description • Communication between mobile devices and other mobile devices or servers, currently requires a knowledge of the type of communication required and the appropriate communication protocol. • This has unfortunate results because: • E.g. application which uses one of the SMS protocols cannot be run using an "Always-on protocol" such as used by GPRS without being changed.

  6. Questions tackled • What is being investigated • Middleware for mobile applications and ubiquity • Importance of the research • Reduce Application developers’ load by • providing Middleware that hides the complexity of the underlying infrastructure. • Eliminate the need to re-write applications in order to run on different infrastructure.

  7. Questions tackled… • Expected results • "Mobile Middleware Toolkit" which provides the application developer with a series of Application Program Interfaces which can be used irrespective of the underlying communication protocol to be used. • Key success factor • Using a test application and seeing how easily it can be ported from one protocol to another type of protocol.

  8. Plan of action • Model structure for all protocols (general protocol framework) • Model the handover mechanism i.e. agent and its knowledge base. • Security, sessions requirements

  9. Middleware Description • Lightweight in order to run on resource constrained mobile devices • Should not be computationally expensive • Should use memory optimally • Flexibility - Should cater for a range of applications

  10. Case for Middleware Agent • Information needed to select a protocol - Application quality of service requirements(bandwidth requirements, minimum latency) - Application security and session requirements - Available networks - Mobile device properties(battery power) - User preferences(pricing)

  11. Case for a Middleware Agent • Mobile environments are highly unpredictable • Combinatorial explosion as to how these variables might occur

  12. Case for Middleware Agent • Hence the middleware should be: • autonomous - It should own its thread of control and, under unpredictable circumstances, it should also able to take decisions; • proactive: The middleware should not only react in response to external events (above mentioned input) but also exhibit a goal- directed behaviour and, where appropriate, be able to take initiative.

  13. Mobile Application Agent Program Knowledge base Security Layer Dynamic memory (Agent input) Runtime Environment Wireless network/wireless protocol GSM/GPRS/UMTS/Bluetooth/WLAN/Infra-red Proposed Middleware Architecture KEY Leko Anisa Us

  14. Design Challenges • The middleware needs to utilize minimum device resources, bearing in mind the limited capabilities of mobile devices (e.g. low memory, low CPU speed and battery power). • There is no clarity on how many APIs the middleware should support. • Session based and non-session based communication have different requirements and hence should be handled differently. • Ideally the middleware should support switching between protocols when the protocol the application is running on degrades. This imposes a challenge of transferring session data from one protocol to another.

  15. Resources • 2 cell phones, a PDA and a laptop. These should all be able to operate the following protocols: GSM/GPRS, UMTS, Bluetooth, WLAN and Infra-red. The mobile devices should come with their accompanying USB cables. • J2ME to write the middleware for the mobile devices • Java Agent Development framework (JADE) to program the agent. It is J2ME compatible. • Access to GSM/GPRS, UMTS, Bluetooth, WLAN and Infra-red networks.

  16. Timeline Modelling phase 1.5 months(14/5/07-2/7/07) Prototype 1 month(3/7/07-30/7/07) Implementation phase 1 month(2/8/07-3/3/07) Testing and Refinement

  17. Thank you Questions and suggestions??

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