1 / 17

Zhongguo  China Through the Ages

1600 BCE. - 0. Disunion. 1911 CE. Zhongguo  China Through the Ages. The Middle Kingdom. Shang Zhou Qin unification Han Sui reunification Tang Song Mongol Yuan Ming Manchu Qing. Zhou (sounds like “Joe”) Dynasty 1027?-256 BCE. Western Zhou 1027-771 BCE Eastern Zhou 770-256 BCE

sauda
Télécharger la présentation

Zhongguo  China Through the Ages

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 1600 BCE - 0 Disunion 1911 CE ZhongguoChina Through the Ages The Middle Kingdom • Shang • Zhou • Qin unification • Han • Sui reunification • Tang • Song • Mongol Yuan • Ming • Manchu Qing

  2. Zhou (sounds like “Joe”) Dynasty1027?-256 BCE • Western Zhou 1027-771 BCE • Eastern Zhou 770-256 BCE • Warring States 403-221 BCE

  3. Zhou (sounds like “Joe”) Dynasty1027?-256 BCE • Tian Ming: Mandate of Heaven • Feudal system  strong centralized gov’t • Commerce  cultural homogeneity • Civilization: era of great philosophers • Kongfuzi (Confucius) -- 551?-479? BCE • Laozi (Lao-tzu) -- 570?-490? BCE • by the way … in India/Nepal: Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) -- 563?-483? BCE

  4. 1600 BCE Disunion 1911 CE Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) • Shihuangdi: “First Emperor” • Unified China by conquering Warring States • Concept: “Son of Heaven” should rule China • Aggressive, cruel, megalomaniacal - 0

  5. Qin Dynasty: 6000+ terracotta warriors protect Shihuangdi’s tomb (210 BCE)

  6. 1600 BCE - 0 Disunion 1911 CE Han Dynasty(206 BCE-221 CE) • Approaches the borders of modern China • Confucianism becomes state philosophical/ religious system • Large, efficient bureaucracy, organized by talent • Very prosperous

  7. 1600 BCE - 0 Disunion 1911 CE Sui Dynasty(581-618) • Reunified China • Revitalized economy • First to actively support Buddhism • Grand Canal construction • connect Yangtze Valley with north, for trade & communication • Examination System

  8. 1600 BCE - 0 Disunion 1911 CE Tang Dynasty(618-907) • Prosperity, stability, and military expansion • peace along the Silk Road • foreigners welcomed • Japan & Korea benefit • Golden Age of art & literature • War (rebellion) prompted population to move south

  9. Tang Art & Literature (8th c.) • Li Bai: romantic poet • Topics: love, friendship, wine, the strange and awe-inspiring elements of nature • Du Fu: realist poet • Topics: worldly attachments, family, injustices • Wang Wei: painter/poet with Buddhist sensitivity to nature • landscapes, monochromatic style

  10. 1600 BCE - 0 Disunion 1911 CE Mongol Yuan Dynasty(1279-1368) • Kublai Khan • first non-Chinese peoples to conquer all of China • East-West communication improved dramatically • Marco Polo • new foods and medicines • Harsh on the Chinese

  11. Most scholar-officials Mongol Yuan Dynasty: Culture Clash • Social class rank: traditional  Yuan • Scholars  1 Mongols • Farmers  2 Foreigners • Artisans  3 Northern Chinese • Merchants  4 Southern Chinese • Uneducated Mongols (and foreigners): decreased emphasis on education civil service exams temporarily abolished • Chinese hated Mongols’ hunting, boozing, meat-eating; clashed on women’s rights

  12. Painting • Painting and calligraphy always intertwined • An ideal: “a painter may use ink alone, and yet all five colors may seem present in his painting” • a Tang-era critic • Nature, daily life, animals • Symbols, balance Sources: Metropolitan Museum of Art website, Museum of Fine Arts (Boston) website

  13. Chinese Opera • Emerged during Mongol Yuan Dynasty • Music influences harmony of the universe • Originally, stories of heroes & supernatural; now about history, Communist icons, etc. • Great titles Five Mice Fighting in the Capital; Hai Rui Dismissed from Office; Yang Silang Visits His Mother; The Emperor's Female Son-in-law; Madame Big Feet; Bai Lixi Reunites with His Wife

  14. 1600 BCE - 0 Disunion 1911 CE Ming Dynasty(1368-1644) • Isolationist • uniformity • introspective • So centralized that it couldn’t adapt easily • General stagnation, but flourishing arts and prose literature

  15. Ming Dynasty: built 1500 mile Great Wall near northern border in 15th-16th c.

  16. Ming Architecture: Altar of Heaven Ming Pottery: porcelain with blue glaze

  17. 1600 BCE - 0 Disunion 1911 CE Manchu QingDynasty (1644-1911) • Opium Wars: open China • Boxer Rebellion • Ideas from West include: progress, evolution • gradual abandonment of cyclical sense of history, to be replaced by the sense that it advances in stages

More Related