1 / 20

Precision Irrigation and Fertigation

Precision Irrigation and Fertigation. What is Irrigation? Irrigation is the application of water to a crop for assisting the production of a crop. What is precision? A degree of mutual agreement among a series of individual measurements, values, or results.

saul
Télécharger la présentation

Precision Irrigation and Fertigation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Precision Irrigation and Fertigation

  2. What is Irrigation? • Irrigation is the application of water to a crop for assisting the production of a crop. What is precision? • A degree of mutual agreement among a series of individual measurements, values, or results.

  3. What are we looking for in precision irrigation? • Irrigation Efficiency and/or Uniform Coverage • Plus site-specific application Efficiency is what you get out, for what you put in. Efficiency = output / input OR Water stored in root zone / water delivered to the field

  4. Decreased Efficiency WindDrift Evaporation Evaporation from vegetation Evaporation from soil surface Infiltration Runoff Deep percolation

  5. Flood Drip Spray Furrow

  6. Spray Irrigation • Evaporation (Major Loss) • Wind speed • Humidity • Air temperature • Canopy density • Sprinkler evaluation • Sprinkler pressure • Deep Percolation (Minor Loss) • System uniformity • Total application depth • Runoff (Minor Loss) • Application rate • Slope • Vegetation Density

  7. Furrow Irrigation • Evaporation (Minor Loss) • Wind speed • Humidity • Air temperature • Deep percolation (Major Loss) • Unit flow rate • Field length • Soil texture • Field slope • Total application depth • Runoff (Major Loss) • Unit flow rate • Field slope • Soil texture

  8. Drip Irrigation • Evaporation (Minor Loss) • Minor soil surface evaporation for drip • Deep percolation (Minor Loss) • System uniformity • Total application depth • Runoff (Minor Loss)

  9. How to Improve Irrigation System • Night Irrigation – Low temp, low wind, high humidity • Lower operating pressure – bigger droplet size • Low drift nozzles – bigger droplet size • New Technology

  10. Low Energy Precision Application (LEPA) • Irrigates with the plant rows • Drops water in the furrow Approximately 90% application efficiency

  11. Efficiency • Standard Multi Sprinkler 75-80% • Moving Multi Sprinkler • LEPA 90+% • High Pressure Gun 60-75% • Standard Flood 40-70% • Drip Irrigation 90% A high efficient irrigation system will help increase the precision of the application of water and nutrients to the plant.

  12. Fertigation / Chemigation The use of an irrigation system to apply the necessary application of nutrients or chemicals to the crop.

  13. Management Need to know and understand the equipment.

  14. Advantages • Uniformity of application • Prescription applications • Economics - expense • Timelines • Incorporation and Activation • Reduced Compaction • Operator hazard

  15. Disadvantages • Calibration of equipment • Additional equipment • Environmental Hazard • Increased application times • Unnecessary Water Applications

  16. Why use Fertigation? • Your irrigation system does the work. • Overfeeding and Underfeeding is decreased. • Dry applications need water to dissolve the granules. • With precise application, the overall amount of chemicals applied is reduced vs. the dry application.

  17. Precision Irrigation The use of fertigation or chemigation with site-specific technology. • Technology • GPS – locate soil type, water holes, weeds, obstructions, and boundaries • GIS (Geographical Information System) works with data captured from spatial reference points. • VRT (Variable-rate controllers) System “Brain” sets the rate of application dependent on soil type, slopes, ponds…etc. • Weather Station / Mesonet (ET rate) • Green Seeker / Weed Seeker • NIR (Near Infrared Band) • Red (Red Band) • Thermo sensor

  18. Site Specific Irrigation/Fertigation Pivot Animation

  19. Sources • www.florence.ars.usda.gov/ • www.betterpivots.com/how.html • http://weather.nmsu.edu/ • www.nrw.gld.gov.au/ • www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/abeng/ • www.fertigationsystems.com • http://msucares.com/pubs/pulications/p1551.htm • Dr. Kizer. Oklahoma State University. April 18, 2008

  20. Questions?

More Related