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The Nature of Science

The Nature of Science. Ms. Pollock 8 th Grade Physical Science 2009 - 2010. What Is Science?. Science is a way of learning about the natural world. Why, how, or when? Observation very important. Asking Questions. With science, we can answer questions about the natural world.

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The Nature of Science

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  1. The Nature of Science Ms. Pollock 8th Grade Physical Science 2009 - 2010

  2. What Is Science? • Science is a way of learning about the natural world. • Why, how, or when? • Observation very important

  3. Asking Questions • With science, we can answer questions about the natural world. • We cannot answer questions that involve emotion or beliefs. • Science answers questions that are measureable and verifiable.

  4. Possible Explanations • The questions we ask are answered with available information. • It is impossible to know everything. • Explanations change as new information is obtained.

  5. Example • Once believed that Apollo rode a chariot across the sky, was sun • Now we know Earth rotates and revolves around the sun.

  6. Scientific Theories • Scientific theory: an attempt to explain a pattern observed repeatedly in the natural world • Not just a guess • Observation • investigation • Best explanation so far • Can be changed for new information

  7. Scientific Theories • Evolution not yet completely proven

  8. Scientific Laws • Scientific law: rule that describes a pattern in nature • Observed repeatedly • Aids in prediction • Cannot explain why something happens

  9. Scientific Laws • Gravity

  10. Systems in Science • System: a collection of structures, cycles, and processes that relate to and interact with each other • Not just found in science • Interacting parts within a whole

  11. Systems in Science • Respiratory system • Endocrine system • School system

  12. The Branches of Science • Life science • Earth science • Physical science

  13. Life Science • Life science: study of living systems and the ways in which they interact • Living organisms, their habitats and behaviors • Health field, biology, zoos, botanists, farmers, beekeepers

  14. Earth Science • Earth science: study of Earth systems and the systems in space • Nonliving things • Weather and climate • Geology, meteorology, astronomy, oceanography • Maps and formations

  15. Physical Science • Physical science: study of matter and energy • Living and nonliving things • Chemistry and physics

  16. Careers • Many careers in physical sciences • Chemist, physicist • Ultrasound and X-ray technician

  17. Science and Technology • Answers not helpful unless applied • Technology: practical use of science; applied science • Example light and fiber optics • A property of light passing through a fiber optic cable is science. • Using a fiber optic cable to transmit information is technology.

  18. Science and Technology • Dustbuster • Solar energy • Programmable pacemakers • Voice-controlled wheelchairs • Wireless communication • Doppler Radar

  19. Section 1 Review • 1. Compare and contrast scientific theory and scientific law. Explain how a scientific theory can change. • 2. Explain why science can answer some questions, but not others. • 3. Classify the following statement as a theory or a law “Heating the air in a hot-air balloon causes the balloon to rise.”

  20. Section 1 Review • 4. Think critically. Describe the importance of technology and how it relates to science. • 5. Infer. Scientists ask questions and make observations. What types of questions and observations would you make if you were a scientist studying schools of fish in the ocean?

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