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Newborn assessment

Newborn assessment. Meaning. Newborn assessment is the critical analysis and evaluation or judgment of the status of a newborn. PHASES. Apgar scoring Assessment of gestational age Systematic physical examination Transitional assessment during the period of reactivity. BALLARD SCALE.

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Newborn assessment

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  1. Newborn assessment

  2. Meaning Newborn assessment is the critical analysis and evaluation or judgment of the status of a newborn

  3. PHASES • Apgar scoring • Assessment of gestational age • Systematic physical examination • Transitional assessment during the period of reactivity

  4. BALLARD SCALE Tests used are • Posture • Square window • Arm recoil • Popliteal angle • Scarf sign • Heel to ear

  5. Ballard scale

  6. Weight related to gestational age • Appropriate for gestational age (AGA) • Large for gestational age (LGA) • Small for gestational age (SGA)

  7. Systematic physical assessment General physical examination Head circumference: 33-33.5cm Chest circumference: 30.5 – 33cm Crown to rump length : 31 – 35cm Head to heel length : 48 – 53cm Body weight : 2700 – 4000gm

  8. Vital signs • Temperature : 36.5 – 37degree C • Heart rate : 120- 140/ min • Respiration : 30 -60/min • BP : 65/41 mmHg

  9. General appearance • Posture

  10. Skin • At birth red, puffy and smooth • Then pink, flaky, dry • Acrocyanosis

  11. Vernix caseosa

  12. Lanugo • Edema

  13. Cutis marmorata

  14. SKIN ..Variations • Neonatal jaundice • Echymosis or petichae • Miliria or sudamina • Talagiectatic navi

  15. Milia

  16. Erytheme toxicum

  17. Harlequin color change

  18. Mongolian spots

  19. Head • Anterior fontanel (diamond) 4 – 5 cm • Posterior fontanel (triangle) 0.5 – 1 cm Should be soft, flat and firm

  20. Variations • Bulging fontanel • Caput succedaneum • Cephalhematoma

  21. Eyes

  22. Ears

  23. Nose

  24. Mouth and throat

  25. Epstien pearls

  26. Neck

  27. Chest

  28. Lungs

  29. Heart

  30. Abdomen

  31. Umbilical cord – two arteries and one vein

  32. Female genitalia

  33. Male genitalia

  34. Back and rectum

  35. Extrimities

  36. Neuromuscular system

  37. Transitional assessment • First stage • Second stage

  38. Reflexes • Localized reflexes EYES • Blinking or corneal reflex • Pupillary

  39. Dolls eye reflex

  40. Nose • Sneezing • Glabellar

  41. Mouth and throat • Sucking • Gag • Rooting • Extrusion • Yawn • Cough

  42. Rooting reflex

  43. Extremities • Grasp • Babinski • Ankle clonus

  44. Grasping reflex

  45. Mass reflexes • Moro reflex

  46. Mass reflexes • Startle • Perez • Crawl

  47. Asymmetric tonic neck reflex

  48. Trunk incurvature / galant reflex

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