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Today is April 14, 2014

Today is April 14, 2014 . Get your notebook off the shelf. Log into your netbooks and go to RecheScience.com Immediately begin your quick write for today. You need to write at least 3 sentences .

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Today is April 14, 2014

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  1. Today is April 14, 2014 • Get your notebook off the shelf. • Log into your netbooks and go to RecheScience.com • Immediately begin your quick write for today. You need to write at least 3 sentences. • You may keep your netbooks on if you would like to use LanSchool for your notes today.

  2. Understanding Classification

  3. All life is categorized in 3domains. Domains are the broadest category. Domains are further classified getting more specific at each level. Eukaryota Eubacteria Archaea (bacteria) Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protist Fungi Plant Animal There are 6 kingdoms in modern classification.

  4. Classification of Living Things • There are 13 billion known species of organisms • This is only 5% of all organisms that ever lived! • New organisms are still being found and identified today.

  5. What is Classification? • Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities • Classification is also known as taxonomy • Taxonomists are scientists that identify and name organisms

  6. Benefits of taxonomy • Taxonomy has the benefit of classifying organisms accurately and uniformly by assigning scientifically based names. • It prevents misnomers such as starfish and jellyfish that aren't really fish • Uses same language (Latin or some Greek) for all names

  7. Early Taxonomists • 2000 years ago, Aristotle was the first taxonomist • Aristotle divided organisms into plants & animals • He subdivided them by their habitat ---land, sea, or air dwellers

  8. John Ray • Early Taxonomist, John Ray, a botanist, was the first to use Latin for naming plants • His names were very long descriptions telling everything about the plant

  9. Carolus Linnaeus1707 • Carolus Linnaeus 1707 – 1778 • 18th century taxonomist • Classified organisms by their structure • Developed naming system still used today

  10. Carolus Linnaeus • Called the “Father of Taxonomy” • Developed the modern system of naming known as binomial nomenclature • Each organism has a two-word name (Genus & species)

  11. Standardized Naming • Binomial nomenclature uses Genus and species names • Latin or Greek Italicized in print • Capitalize genus, but NOT species • Underline when writing Turdusmigratorius

  12. Rules for Naming Organisms • The International Code for Binomial Nomenclature contains the rules for naming organisms • All names must be approved by International Naming Congresses (International Zoological Congress) • This prevents duplicate names

  13. Hierarchy of Names • There is a hierarchy of groups (taxa) from broadest to most specific • Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species

  14. Domains • Broadest, most inclusive group • Three domains • Archaea and Eubacteria are unicellular prokaryotes (no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles) • Eukarya are more complex and have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

  15. 3 Domains

  16. Kingdoms

  17. Archaea • Archaea live in harsh environments and may represent the first cells to have evolved. • Ancient life forms that still survive today • Found in sewage treatment plants and thermal vents • Live in areas without oxygen

  18. Eubacteria • Eubacteria, only some of which cause human diseases, are present in almost all habitats on Earth. • Many bacteria are important environmentally and commercially. • Eubacteria are found in intestines and help break down food

  19. Domain Eukarya • Domain Eukarya is Divided into Kingdoms • Protista (protozoans, algae…) • Fungi (mushrooms, yeasts …) • Plantae (multicellular plants) • Animalia (multicellular animals)

  20. Kingdom Protista • Most are unicellular • Some are multicellular • Some are autotrophic, while others are heterotrophic

  21. Kingdom Fungi • Multicellular(except yeast) • Heterotrophs • Decomposers

  22. Kingdom Plantae • Multicellular • Autotrophic • Absorb sunlight to make glucose – Photosynthesis • Cell walls made of cellulose

  23. Kingdom Animalia • Multicellular • Heterotrophs • Feed on plants and/or animals

  24. http://www.brainpop.com/science/diversityoflife/sixkingdoms/

  25. Credits • M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Haeckel_Siphoneae.jpg/250px- • http://www.oum.ox.ac.uk/thezone/animals/animalid/images/class7.gif http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/dantescience-287709-classification-living-things-nomeclature-education-ppt-powerpoint/

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