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Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis. The process of converting sunlight energy into food energy. ENERGY MOLECULES. Energy molecules are how the energy from the sunlight is going to get converted into the energy stored in a carbohydrate molecule.

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Photosynthesis

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  1. Photosynthesis The process of converting sunlight energy into food energy.

  2. ENERGY MOLECULES • Energy molecules are how the energy from the sunlight is going to get converted into the energy stored in a carbohydrate molecule. • ATP, NADPH, ADP & NADP+ are the primary energy molecules of photosynthesis. • Energy molecules are cycled (recycled) in the chloroplast.

  3. ATP and ADP Adenosine triphosphate & Adenosine diphosphate High energy bond

  4. ATP & ADP are cycled in the cells ATP ADP

  5. NADPH & NADP+are cycled the same way! NADPH NADP+

  6. The Cloroplast~relative of the first photosynthetic bacteria on our planet. Product of Endosymbiosis.

  7. Pigments Definition: A light absorbing molecule (visible spectrum) - chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, carotonoids

  8. Photosynthesis Reactions

  9. Light Dependent Reactionsaka: Light Reaction • Thylakoids • Photosystems • (chlorophyll) • Electron Transport Chain • ATP synthase • Produces ATP, NADPH & Oxygen gas • Cyclic vs. Non-cyclic

  10. Light-Independent Reactionaka: Calvin Cycle, Dark Reaction, Calvin-Benson cycle • Stroma • RuBP – carbon fixation • Uses ATP & NADPH • Creates carbohydrates, like glucose • 6 CO2 needed to make C6H12O6 • 6 “turns” of the Calvin cycle to create C6H12O6

  11. BIG PICTURE The sunlight energy excites electrons that are captured in ATP bonds and in the electrons in NADPH. That energy is transferred to the Calvin cycle and is transferred to the chemical bonds in the carbohydrates. Reactants Reactants: CO2 is used in ___________________ H2O is used in the _______________ Products: O2 is made in the _________________ Carbohydrates (C6H12O6) are made in the ____________________ Products

  12. Quiz time#1 • In molecules, the stored energy is found in: • A. The bonds • B. The atom • C. The middle of the molecule • D. None of the above

  13. Quiz time#2 • The molecule on this page is a picture of • A. ATP • B. ADP • C. NADPH • D. Glucose

  14. Quiz time#3 • ATP & NADPH are reactants in the photosynthesis equation. • A. True • B. False

  15. Quiz time#4 • ATP and NADPH are recycled between the Light-dependent reaction and the Light –independent reaction. • A. True • B. False

  16. Quiz time#5 • For the process of photosynthesis, ATP is made by • A. The cyclic pathway • B. The non-cyclic pathway • C. The Calvin Cycle • D. Both A & B • E. By A, B & C • F. None of the above

  17. Quiz time#6 • The Light –dependent reaction happens in the : • A. stroma • B. thylakoid membranes • C. inner membrane space • D. None of the above

  18. Quiz time#7 • The Light –independent reaction happens in the : • A. stroma • B. thylakoid membranes • C. inner membrane space • D. None of the above

  19. Quiz time#8 • The LDR makes all of the following EXCEPT: • A. ATP • B. NADPH • C. O2 gas • D. Carbohydrates

  20. Quiz time#9 • The LIR makes all of the following EXCEPT: • A. ADP • B. NADP+ • C. CO2 gas • D. Carbohydrates

  21. Quiz time#10 • Carbon in the CO2 molecule will eventually become • A. The carbohydrate • B. The carbon in the atmosphere • C. The water • D. None of the above

  22. Quiz time#11 • Oxygen in the H2O molecule will eventually become • A. The carbohydrate • B. The oxygen in the atmosphere • C. The carbon dioxide • D. None of the above

  23. Quiz time#12 • The hydrogen in C6H12O6 came from: • A. the water • B. the NADPH • C. the air • D. both A & B • E. none of the above

  24. Quiz time#13 • If a carbohydrate has a chemical formula of C9H18O9, how many “turns” of the Calvin cycle are needed to create it? • A. 1 • B. 3 • C. 6 • D. 9 • E. this carbohydrate cannot be made in the Calvin Cycle.

  25. Quiz time#14 • If you are seeing a color, the pigments in the object are ________ that wavelength: • A. reflecting • B. absorbing

  26. Quiz time#15 • When bonds are broken in a molecule, energy is ____________, but when the bonds are created, energy is ____________. • A. release, stored • B. stored, release • C. created, destroyed • D. destroyed, created

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