1. Baroque Period • 1600-1750

2. 1600 • 1.  Start of the Baroque Period 1600-1750 • 2.  Start of the Common Practice Period 1600-1900 • 3. End of the Renaissance Period 1450-1600 • 4.  First opera was in 1600

3. Movement – a part of a work, sounds complete in itself with a beginning middle and end.  Think of it like a chapter in a book

4. Concerto • Instrumental soloist with orchestra • Multi-movement (usually 3) FSF • First movement is in Ritornello Form

5. Vivaldi Spring • Solo Concerto - multi-movement work for orchestra and a soloist – features cadenza • Usually 3 movements Fast Slow Fast • Cadenza - the part in a concerto where the orchestra stops playing and the soloist is featured.

6. Vivaldi Spring (cont.) • Program music – music that has an extra-musical idea to go along with it.  It might be a story, an idea, a picture, or a text.

7. Ritornello form • Main theme is called the Ritornello (means “return”). The main theme returns regularly. • Common practice period = key. • Each time the ritornello appears, it is in a new key

8. Modulation • To change from one key to another • In “artfully” done music, it’s not noticeable that you’ve changed keys! • You’ll almost always come back to the home key that you hear in the beginning

9. Ritornello Form • Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through.

10. Ritornello Form • Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through. • Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key

11. Ritornello Form • Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key • The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key

12. Ritornello Form • The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key • Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again

13. Ritornello Form • Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again • The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement

14. Ritornello Form • Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again • The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement

15. Ritornello Form • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement • There may be a cadenza (the part where the orchestra stops playing while the soloist “shows off”)

16. Ritornello Form • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement • At the end of the movement, we will once again hear the ritornello all the way through and in the home key

17. Suite • A collection of dances • Multi-movement work • Each movement is in binary form (AABB) • Each movement is based on a different dance rhythm

18. Suite • Originally, the dance pieces were intended for dancing. • In the suite, it is more considered “absolute” music for listening, not dancing

19. Suite • The movements alternate between fast and slow tempos • Usually begins with a prelude • All are in the same key (or related keys) • No applause until the end!

20. J.S. Bach: Suite in E Minor, BWV 996 • Preludio (Passaggio / Presto) SF • Allemande S • Courante F • Sarabande S • Bourree F • Gigue F