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Using GRAPHICS

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  1. UsingGRAPHICS Bristol Community CollegeCIS 13 Business CreativitySources: Conference for Desktop Publisher and Others

  2. What is Clip Art? Using GRAPHICS • Originally, artwork that was purchased and clipped out before using. • Clip art… • Can be used to add interest • Can create focal points • Can enhance a publication • Can be modified • Can be overused • Cannot be used without permission • unless it’s royalty-free

  3. Where do we find Clip Art? Using GRAPHICS • Collections on CD • Web sites • Original art

  4. GRAPHICSTwo basic forms of Images Using GRAPHICS • Raster • Dots • Vector • Drawn by a mathematical formula

  5. GRAPHICS Raster Images Using GRAPHICS • Bitmapped • Stored in grids like graph paper • Typical formats: jpeg, tiff, gif, and bmp files

  6. GRAPHICSDo Not Enlarge Raster Images Using GRAPHICS • It only makes the dots bigger • it doesn’t create more dots • It creates “jaggies,” or jagged edges

  7. Two Types of Raster Art:Line Art + Continuous Tone Using GRAPHICS • Line Art • No gradation of tones • Every pixel is black or white • Example: Pen and ink drawing • To appear smooth, use high density of dots • 1200 pixels per inch is recommended • PostScript language supports 600 ppi (pixels per inch) or dpi (dots per inch) • Scan and print at 600 dpi to achieve effect

  8. Two Types of Raster Art:Line Art + Continuous Tone Using GRAPHICS Continuous Tone • Many shades and levels • Examples: Photographs and paintings • Screening creates impression of variable tone • Actually, density of dots create the illusion • Types: • Grayscale (black, white, gray) • Duotone (two colors) • Color (cyan, yellow, magenta, and black)

  9. GRAPHICSVector Using GRAPHICS • Art is created by curves using a mathematic formula • Created in a drawing and painting program like Illustrator, Freehand, or Corel Draw • Save as an EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) file • Can be enlarged without “jaggies”

  10. GRAPHICSVector to Raster and Back Using GRAPHICS • Open a vector file in Quark, Illustrator or Powerpoint and it stays a vector file • Open a vector file in Photoshop, it becomes bitmapped or rasterized.

  11. GRAPHICSPhotos Using GRAPHICS • Photos are bitmapped/raster images • Scan them at the finished size • The higher the resolution, the better the quality, but the output device determines the dpi • Monitor = 72 dpi • Laser printer = 300-600 dpi • Image setter = 1200 - 2450 dpi

  12. GRAPHICSScanning Tips Using GRAPHICS Type of Graphic: On Screen/Web Print Enlarging Photo Scan at: 72 - 100 dpi 200 - 300 dpi Maximum File Format: JPEG TIFF TIFF • Remember: Higher resolution = larger files • 4”x6” b&w 8 bits 300 dpi 2.2. MB • 4”x6” color 24 bit 73 dpi 360K • 4”x6” color 24 bit 300 dpi 6.5 MB • 8”x10” color 24 bit 600 dpi 84.4 MB

  13. GRAPHICSMore Scanning Tips Using GRAPHICS • Scan at the level of the image • If an image was created at 300 dpi, scan it at 300 dpi • Scanning a 300 dpi at 600 dpi pulls forward imperfections • Enlarging Raster Images Scanning Formula: (final width/width of original image) x final ppi = scan ppi example: (8 inches/4 inches) x 300 ppi = 600 ppi

  14. GRAPHICSSaving Graphics for WEB Using GRAPHICS • GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) • Good for sharp lines, but large files • JPEG (Joint Photographic Exports Group) • Excellent for reducing large images into small files • PNG (Portable Network Graphics) • Free alternative to GIF, becoming more widely used • Avoid BMP (art, wmp and pict)

  15. GRAPHICSSaving Graphics for Print Using GRAPHICS • TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) • Best choice and most common • Works on both Mac and PC • Can be large files • Industry standard • EPS (Encapsulated Post Script) • Includes the PostScript instructions • Avoid if saving publication as an EPS document

  16. GRAPHIC ResourcesSome Pay Sites Using GRAPHICS • jupiterimages.com • photodisc.com • corbis.com • arttoday.com • istockphoto.com • fotosearch.com • fotolia.com

  17. GRAPHIC ResourcesSome Free Sites Using GRAPHICS • thefreesite.com • iconbazaar.com • fontface.com • microsoft.com/clipgallerylive • artvex.com

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