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Explore the historical milestones, societal impacts, and dynamics of television, from its inception to today. Delve into the evolution, controversies, and influences on culture. Uncover the power of TV ratings, news coverage, and entertainment programming. Reflect on the intersection of advertising, storytelling, and audience engagement in the realm of television.
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What They Say About TV • “A vast wasteland.” • Newton Minow • “In this country, television is used primarily as a narcotic to prepare people for the commercial.” • Mark Frost • “[TV] trivializes everything. So there’s no more mystery, we’ve seen it all 50,000 times. And in order to make the boring interesting, everything is hyped.” • David Chase
Before Television… • Radio begat TV • Telegraph • Wireless Telegraph
Before Television… • 1st Radio Broadcast
Before Television… • 1920 – • 1922 – • 1923 –
Before Television… • 1934 – Federal Communications Act • Federal Communication Commission (FCC)
Before Television… • 1935-50 • 1950s
Television • “The medium is the message” • Marshall McLuhan
Television • A medium where viewers make sense of it all • Performers in scale…
Television • Mix of 4 mediums: • A medium of personalities
History of Television • “Television” • Radio, TV share:
History of Television • 1920s
History of Television • 1927 – Philo T. Farnsworth
History of Television • 1928 • 1932 • 1936
History of Television • VHF • UHF
History of Television • 1941 – • First sets:
History of Television • 1946 • 1947 TV Sets
History of Television • 1948 • In most homes since mid 1950s
History of Television • 1950s • “Television Generation” • Advertising Revenue
Golden Ages • “Golden Age” I • “Golden Age” II • Affected all media
Color and Cable • 1960s – color introduced
TV Statistics • On average: • 1/3 of viewers zap
Television Ratings • Arbitron • Nielsen Media Research
Impact of Television • TV has immediate emotional impact on audience • Edutainment
Kennedy Nixon Debate • 1960 Presidential debates
Tobacco Advertising • 1972
War Coverage • News coverage
War Coverage • 1991 • 2003
News Programs • Gatekeeper • CNN • Typical newscast
Visual Design of News • What affects perception? • “Live”, amateur footage • “If it bleeds, it leads.” • Themes:
Fictional Programs • Programs moved from radio to TV
Fictional Programs • Fictional programs have: • Same experience as movies
Music Videos • Bridges sight and sound • Surrealism
Commercials • Primary function = generate response • Length
Commercials • Immediate involvement • Microdrama • Elements for analysis:
But What? • We feel TV should be something more - something better • no one is sure what, though
Next Time… • Advertising, Marketing and Public Relations: A Practical Experiment • Chapter 6