1. APUSH Chapter 9.2

2. Discussion Question #1 • 1) Embargo Act forced America to devote more time, energy, and resources to Industry • 2) American System • 3) Population Growth in NE led to land shortage (moving to cities, factories for work) • 4) Technological Breakthroughs (Francis Cabot Lowell, Eli Whitney)

3. Discussion Question #2 • River System provided power for mills • Westward migration of NE young men led to an abundance of single women to work in the mills • Mill Towns popped up in Waltham and Lowell, MA • Read pg. 272-273 (description of Mill Towns)

4. Discussion Question #3 • New York and Philadelphia would develop in the early 1800’s into industrial centers (differed from NE mills) • Lots of trade jobs (skilled labor) • Eventually, as region grew unskilled labor would come into the Mid-Atlantic region • In the late 1820’s in response to the threat from unskilled labor many skilled laborers in the Mid-Atlantic formed the first trade unions

5. Discussion Question #4

6. Discussion Question #5 • Blacks (although no slavery) still were discriminated against in the North in the early to mid 1800’s • Restricted right to vote • 1820’s eliminated property requirements for whites to vote but upheld them for blacks • Boston was the only city that allowed blacks equal voting rights to that of whites • Blacks right to move was restricted • Forced into the least paying, lowest prestige jobs (cycle of poverty and discrimination) • Establishment of “black churches” would lead to more independence and more cultural solidarity among northern blacks

7. Discussion Question #6 • Social Changes throughout the early to mid 1800’s in the U.S.