First ionization - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Hund’s Rule

Hund’s Rule. For an atom in its ground-state configuration, all unpaired electrons have the same spin orientation. Therefore electrons tend to occupy all free orbitals and not pair up, so that their spins all add up to produce a general vector for the atom. Fig. 8.5.

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Unit 9 Test Review

Unit 9 Test Review. The test will consist of 25 multiple choice questions. Please bring a calculator and a #2 pencil. Formulas and constants will be provided. A periodic table will be provided. Identify and apply the quantum numbers Principal quantum number – 7 main energy levels…

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