'Repressor protein' diaporamas de présentation

Chapter 18

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Warm-up

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Cellular Control

Cellular Control. F215 control genomes and environment Module 1 Cellular Control and Meiosis. Learning outcomes. state that genes code for polypeptides, including enzymes; explain the meaning of the term genetic code ;

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Advanced Gene Technology

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Prokaryotic Gene Regulation Bio 101A

Prokaryotic Gene Regulation Bio 101A. Operon structure and function. Enzymes are coded for by genes. DNA is the code to make proteins Enzymes are made of protein In order for a cell to make an enzyme, it must access the DNA for that enzyme Enzymes are very specific to their task.

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Chapter 17 Regulation of gene expression in bacteria : lac Operon of E. coli

Chapter 17 Regulation of gene expression in bacteria : lac Operon of E. coli trp operon of E. coli. Gene expression in bacteria - some useful distinctions : Regulated genes Control cell growth and cell division.

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Comparison of Genetic Material and Replication for Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

Comparison of Genetic Material and Replication for Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes . Comparison of Transcription for Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes. Regulation of Gene Expression. Enzymes are common feature of biochemical pathways Constitutive enzymes (60-80%) Inducible enzymes Default position off

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Translation

Translation. mRNA exits the nucleus through the nuclear pores In the cytoplasm, it joins with the other key players to assemble a polypeptide. The other parts of the machinery are: t-RNAs and ribosomes.

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Operon Vocabulary

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Gene Expression Regulation: The lac Operon

Gene Expression Regulation: The lac Operon. Control Mechanisms. There are 42 000 genes that code for proteins in humans However, not all proteins are required at all times. E.g. Insulin is only required in a cell when glucose levels are high.

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Bacterial Genetics

Bacterial Genetics. Regulation of Gene Expression. Bacterial metabolism. Bacteria need to respond quickly to changes in their environment if have enough of a product, need to stop production why? waste of energy to produce more how? stop production of synthesis enzymes

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Gene Expression

Gene Expression. Breaking Down the Definitions--Honors. Gene expression Genome Structural gene Operator Operon Lac operon Repressor protein Regulator gene Inducer Euchromatin Intron Exon Pre-mRNA Transcription factor Enhancer Cell differentiation Homeotic gene Homeobox

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1 00

Jeopardy!. DNA. Protein Synthesis. Regulation. 1 00. 1 00. 1 00. 2 00. 2 00. 2 00. 3 00. 3 00. 3 00. 4 00. 4 00. 4 00. 5 00. 5 00. 5 00. Final Jeopardy!. DNA for 100. What are the two reasons why adenine matches up with thymine in a base pair ? They form two hydrogen bonds

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Gene Expression via Modern Biology

Gene Expression via Modern Biology. The activation of a gene that results in the formation of a protein. Gene expression. Proteins have different functions Some proteins form a structural role Others proteins are enzymes that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions

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This metabolic control occurs on two levels

Concept 18.4: Individual bacteria respond to environmental change by regulating their gene expression E. coli , a type of bacteria that lives in the human colon Can tune its metabolism to the changing environment and food sources. (a) Regulation of enzyme activity.

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5.5 Control Mechanisms

5.5 Control Mechanisms. There are approximately 42 000 genes that exist to code for proteins in humans. Not all proteins are required at all times. Some genes are required at all times Housekeeping genes Transcription factors turn on genes when required.

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Gene Regulation

Gene Regulation. Chapter 13. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genomes all of the genetic material possessed by an organism or group of organisms both contain many 1,000's of protein coding genes prokaryotes = most genes code for protein as usual only a small amount of noncoding DNA

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Control Mechanisms

Control Mechanisms. Transcription Factors. 42,000 genes that exist for proteins in humans. Transcription factors are mechanisms that turn transcription and translation on and off, depending on the need for the protein. This is called gene regulation.

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Gene Expression and Regulation

Gene Expression and Regulation. Concepts: Gene expression must be carefully be regulated in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription. Eukaryotic cells regulate gene expression at many points.

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Operons in Prokaryotes

Operons in Prokaryotes. Operons. Group of genes that are transcribed together They are turned ON or OFF as a unit to produce mRNA Promoter RNA polymerase binding site; begins transcription Operator Controls access of RNA polymerase to genes Genes

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