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Highlander Research and Education Center: A Legacy of Activism and Community Organizing

Founded in 1932 as Highlander Folk School, the Highlander Research and Education Center has played a vital role in civil rights and community organizing across the Southern United States. Through workshops that promoted literacy and civil rights, Highlander became a haven for activists, including legendary figures like Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks. Though it faced challenges, including political attacks and revocation of its charter, Highlander has persisted, evolving its mission to address land use and community issues in Appalachia while continuing to inspire grassroots activism.

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Highlander Research and Education Center: A Legacy of Activism and Community Organizing

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  1. Activists and Scholars

  2. Highlander Research and Education Center • It was founded in 1932 as Highlander Folk School by Myles Horton, Don West and Jim Dombrowski. • Originally located in Monteagle, its first mission was organizing southern workers. By the early 40s, this included both blacks and whites.

  3. Zilphia Horton Miles Horton

  4. Even before the landmark 1954 Supreme Court case, Highlander hosted workshops on civil rights. • The Citizenship School Program taught basic literacy to people who could then pass the literacy test for voting. • Southern political leaders began a campaign against Highlander.

  5. Billboards like the following began to appear.

  6. King had indeed participated in Highlander workshops, as did Rosa Parks. • The idea for the Montgomery bus boycott was born at Highlander.

  7. Septima Clark and Rosa Parks at Highlander in the late 1950s. Highlander Library

  8. The House Un-American Activities Committee held hearings regarding the school’s Communist ties. • The charter was revoked in 1961 and the property sold at auction. • Horton reopened under the present name in Knoxville, then moved to the present grounds in New Market.

  9. Guy and Candy Carawan made music an essential part of Highlander’s organizing. Carawan page

  10. In the seventies the mission of Highlander shifted to land use and community organizing in Appalachia. • Horton retired in 1972, and Mike Clark became director. • Under John Gaventa, Highlander played a key role in the Who Owns Appalachia? study.

  11. Current Highlander Programs

  12. Appalshop

  13. Helen Lewis at the 2001 ASA Conference

  14. On the left, former CVC faculty Wilburn Haydon. On the right, ASU Appalachian Studies director Patricia Beaver.

  15. Highlander Director Suzanne Pharr

  16. Donovan Cain, standing. Rich Kirby, seated.

  17. Wilburn Hayden left CVC when Dean Emmet Low abolished the social work program while Helen Lewis was on leave.

  18. Second from left, Shaunna Scott, Paul Salstrom, Robert Weise

  19. Center, Alan Banks

  20. Phil Obermiller

  21. Gordon McKinney

  22. John Gaventa

  23. KY activists and scholars during the NCAA Basketball Tournament

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