1. Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity Saadullah Ayaz IUCN- Pakistan

2. BIODIVERSITY AND IUCN IUCN believes that conserving biodiversity involves addressing (i) species and their sub-populations; (ii) genetic diversity; and (iii) ecosystems.Hundreds of projects are underway around the world aimed at saving species and ecosystems and providing the knowledge needed for successful conservation action. IUCN's biodiversity conservation work is carried out by its various programmes including Water, Forests, Marine, Species, Ecosystem Management and Protected Areas. The following IUCN’s global programme cater for biodiversity concerns:IUCN Species ProgrammeIUCN Global Marine ProgrammeIUCN Water ProgrammeIUCN Forest Conservation ProgrammeIUCN Ecosystem Management ProgrammeIUCN Protected Areas Programme http://www.iucn.org/what/tpas/biodiversity/solutions/

3. CLIMATE CHANGE AND IUCN IUCN believes that conserving nature can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation) and help us adapt to the impacts of climate change IUCN’s work puts nature at the centre of climate change solutions in hundred of programmes and projects across the world IUCN’s Climate Change Network coordinates and facilitates climate change work across the Union’s programmes, commissions and member organizations. IUCN’s UN Observer Status offers a unique position at key international decision-making fora, including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) http://www.iucn.org/what/tpas/climate/

4. IUCN AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION The Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) Thematic Group of IUCN’s Commission on Ecosystem Management (CEM), promotes the science and practice of Ecosystem-based Adaptation. Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) is the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help people to adapt to the adverse effects of climate change. EbA aims to maintain and increase the resilience and reduce the vulnerability of ecosystems and people in the face of the adverse effects of climate change.

5. IUCN- PEOPLE AND LIVELIHOODS IUCN introduced “Community-based Risk Screening Tool - Adaptation and Livelihoods” (CRISTAL) CRISTAL can reduce impacts of climate change on community livelihoods First tested in IUCN project in Mali (Inner Delta of the Niger River) Made available by IUCN for wider global use (Aliou.Faye@iucn.org)

6. IUCN’S GUIDELINES FOR PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLES IUCN developed “Guidelines for Applying the Precautionary Principle to Biodiversity Conservation and Natural Resource Management” Responding to uncertainty (also relevant to climate change) www.pprinciple.net

7. CC AS DRIVER OF BIODIVERSITY LOSS A comprehensive assessment of the links between ecosystem health and human well-being, climate change is likely to become the dominant direct driver of biodiversity loss by the end of the century (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2007) Projected changes in climate, combined with land use change and the spread of exotic or alien species, are likely to limit the capability of some species to migrate and therefore will accelerate species loss (CBD, 2009) The impacts of climate change on biodiversity are of major concern to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The Convention also recognizes that there are significant opportunities for mitigating climate change and adapting to it, while enhancing the conservation of biodiversity Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2001) .

8. BIODIVERSITY AND CC NEXUS The links between biodiversity and climate change run both ways: biodiversity is threatened by climate change, but proper management of biodiversity can reduce the impacts of climate change Biodiversity and Ecosystem (including; forests, wetlands and oceans) play a role in climate regulation and impacts regional and global climate changes) The changing climate has become a major driver of biodiversity loss and threatens its role as a source of essential ‘goods and services’

9. BIODIVERSITY AND CC NEXUS adaptation for biodiversity – Adaptation measures are needed to protect biodiversity, to enable the widest range of biodiversity to survive and adapt, and to meet legal duties for biodiversity protection. biodiversity for adaptation – Biodiversity can also play an integral part in adaptation measures for other sectors, such as coastal protection by salt marshes. Source: UN Convention on Biological Diversity (2001)

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