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Aphasias

Jennifer Nazar. Aphasias. A language disorder produced by brain damage. Most studies come from those who have aphasias. Study behaviors associated with the damage these patients have. Aphasia. AKA: expressive aphasia. Discovered and named after Paul Broca .

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Aphasias

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  1. Jennifer Nazar Aphasias

  2. A language disorder produced by brain damage. Most studies come from those who have aphasias. Study behaviors associated with the damage these patients have. Aphasia

  3. AKA: expressive aphasia. Discovered and named after Paul Broca. Patients are unable to express themselves beyond a single word at a time. Pattern of speech is referred to as agrammatism. Patients ability to comprehend is less impaired than the ability to produce it. Broca’s Aphasia

  4. Nouns and verbs = preserved. Omit articles, conjunctions, and grammatical inflections. Speak slowly and confuse related sounds. Writing is similarly impaired as their speech. Broca’s aphasia

  5. Found in those who have damage to the frontal regions of the left hemisphere. • Broca’s area is adjacent to the motor cortex and part of the frontal lobe. • These areas are involved in thought, reasoning, judgment, and initiative. Broca’s aphasia Faculty.washington.edu

  6. Discovered by Carl Wernicke. AKA: receptive aphasia. Paragrammatic speech: speech that is fluent but has little informational value. Comprehension is impaired. Wernicke’s Aphasia

  7. Caused by damage to a region in the left temporal lobe and near the auditory cortex. Temporal lobe is the auditory region. Both Broca’s and Wernicke’s aphasia’s have problems with gestures associated with language. Wernicke’s Aphasia Plato.sanford.edu

  8. Two kinds • Referential gesture Refer to the content of the conversation. Ex: point upward. • Interactive gesture  interactive in nature. Ex: putting one’s hand up to indicate turn. • Broca’s aphasics have problems with interactive while wernicke’s aphasics have more problems with referential. Hand gestures

  9. Disturbance of repetition Able to understand and produce speech. Have difficulty in repeating what they heard. Caused because of disconnection between Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas. Conduction Aphasia

  10. Pure word deafness • Unable to comprehend language in the auditory modality. • Damage to the auditory nerve and the corpus callosum. • Result = left and right auditory center can transmit info to other language regions  patients can hear words but can’t comprehend them. Other aphasias

  11. Alexia • Dissociation of visual regions from language areas. • Agraphia • Inability to write • Damage to angular gyrus leads to these disorders. Other aphasias

  12. Transcortical sensory aphasia • Disturbance of single word comprehension with intact repetition. • Transcortical motor aphasia • Disturbance of spontaneous speech but spares naming. • Anomic aphasia • Disturbance of production of single words. • Global aphasia • Major disturbances of all language functions. Other aphasias

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