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Agents of erosion and deposition

Chapter 12. Agents of erosion and deposition. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition. Wave Energy Wave Trains Waves move in groups at regular intervals away from their source When water gets shallow they change form and break Increased height and closely spaced.

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Agents of erosion and deposition

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  1. Chapter 12 Agents of erosion and deposition

  2. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Energy • Wave Trains • Waves move in groups at regular intervals away from their source • When water gets shallow they change form and break • Increased height and closely spaced

  3. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Energy • Wave Trains • Wave Period • The interval between braking waves • Usually between 10-20 seconds long

  4. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Energy • Pounding Surf • Waves have enough energy to break rock • Pick up loose sand and wears down coastal rock • Moves material

  5. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Deposits • Beaches • Any area of shoreline made up of material deposited by waves • Colors and textures can vary • Depends on source of material

  6. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Deposits • Wave angle • Movement of sand depends on wave angle • Perpendicular to the shore moves the sand in a zigzag pattern

  7. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Deposits • Offshore Deposits • Longshore current • Movement of water near or parallel to the shoreline • Sandbar • Underwater ridge of sand, gravel, or shells • Barrier Spit • Exposed sandbars that connect

  8. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Erosion • Sea Cliffs • Form when waves erode and undercut rock • Produce steep slopes • Rate depends on material

  9. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Erosion • Sea Stacks • Offshore columns of resistant rock • Were once part of mainland • Sea Arches • Continued erosion of a sea cave

  10. 12-1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition • Wave Erosion • Sea Cave • Waves that cut holes in rock along a cliff • Headland • Finger-shaped projection on a shoreline • Wave-cut Terrace • Sea cliff that is worn back to a level platform

  11. 12-2 Wind Erosion and Deposition • Process of Wind Erosion • Saltation • The movement of sand-sized particles by a skipping and bouncing action • Happens in the direction the wind is blowing

  12. 12-2 Wind Erosion and Deposition • Process of Wind Erosion • Deflation • The lifting and removal of fine sediment by wind • Leaves behind larger rock fragments • Desert pavement

  13. 12-2 Wind Erosion and Deposition • Wind Erosion and Deposition • Abrasion • The grinding and wearing down of rock surfaces by other rock or sand particles • Occurs in areas of strong winds and loose sand • Will erode, smooth, and polish rocks

  14. 12-2 Wind Erosion and Deposition • Wind-Deposited Materials • Dunes • Mounds of wind deposited sand • Wind slows down when it hits plants or rocks • Will drop heavier material

  15. 12-2 Wind Erosion and Deposition • Wind-Deposited Material • Dunes • Move in the direction of the prevailing winds • Usually have a sloping side and a steep side • Slip face • Steep side where material falls

  16. 12-2 Wind Erosion and Deposition • Wind-Deposited Material • Loess • Deposit of fine-grained sediment • Feels like talcum powder • Usually found far from their source • Great for crops

  17. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice • Glaciers • An mass of moving ice • Erode, move, and deposit large amounts of rock material • Form in areas where snow is year round • Weight of snow compacts snow into ice crystals

  18. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice • Glaciers • Alpine Glaciers • Forms in mountains • Valley glacier • Form in valleys originally created by stream erosion • Flow slowly downhill • Create broad U-shaped valleys

  19. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice • Glaciers • Continental Glaciers • Spread across continents • Continental Ice Sheet • Huge continuous mass of ice • Continue to get larger over time

  20. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice • Glaciers • Ice Shelves • Area where ice is attached to the ice sheet but rests on open water • Will create icebergs when pieces break off

  21. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice • Glaciers • Icebergs • Large pieces of ice that break off and drift into the ocean • Mostly under water • Calving • Process of production

  22. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice • Glaciers • Movement • Ice that builds up will move downhill • Thickness of ice and steepness of slope will determine how fast it moves

  23. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice • Glaciers • Crevasses • A large crack that forms where the glacier picks up speed or flows over a high point • Ice cannot stretch quickly and cracks

  24. 12-3 Erosion and Deposition by Ice

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