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Erosion and Deposition

Erosion and Deposition. Chapter 8. Erosion Sediment Deposition Mass Movement Gravity. Creep Mudslides Landslides Slump. Changing Earth’s Surface. Changing Earth’s Surface. Weathering, erosion and deposition act to wear down and build up Earth’s surface

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Erosion and Deposition

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  1. Erosion and Deposition Chapter 8

  2. Erosion Sediment Deposition Mass Movement Gravity Creep Mudslides Landslides Slump Changing Earth’s Surface

  3. Changing Earth’s Surface • Weathering, erosion and deposition act to wear down and build up Earth’s surface • Gravity pulls sediment downhill in the process of mass movement. There are 4 main types of mass movement: landslides, creep, slump and mudslides

  4. Runoff Rill Gully Stream River Tributary Divide Flood plain Meander Oxbow lake Alluvial fan Delta Water Erosion

  5. Stalactite Stalagmite Karst Topography Drainage Basin Groundwater Water Erosion

  6. Water Erosion • Moving water is the major force of erosion that has shaped Earth’s land surface • A river may form V-shaped valleys, waterfalls, meanders, oxbow lakes and flood plains • When a river slows down it deposits some of the sediment load it carries, forming features such as alluvial fans and deltas

  7. Energy Potential energy Kinetic energy Abrasion Load Friction turbulence The Force of Moving Water

  8. The Force of Moving Water • When gravity pulls water down a slope, water’s potential energy changes to kinetic energy • Most sediment washes or falls into streams, or is eroded from the streambed by abrasion • The greater a rivers slope or volume of flow, the more sediment it can erode

  9. Glacier Valley Glacier Continental Glacier Ice Age Fiord Cirque Till Moraine Kettle Lake Glacial Lake Plucking Arete Horn Glaciers

  10. Glaciers • The 2 kinds of glaciers are valley glaciers and continental glaciers • Glaciers erode the land through plucking and abrasion. Melting glaciers deposit sediment • Most famous Glacial landform is the Matterhorn on the border between Italy and Switzerland in the Pennine Alps. Has an elevation of 4,478 meters.

  11. Matterhorn

  12. Glaciers • Chugach National Forest • Child’s Glacier

  13. Beach Longshore Drift Spit Sand Dune Deflation Loess Glacial Flood Plain Waves & Wind Erosion Key Terms

  14. Waves • The energy of ocean waves comes from wind blowing across the water’s surface and transferring energy to the water • Ocean waves hitting land cause erosion through impact and abrasion. Waves also move and deposit sediment along the shore. • Much of the sand on N.C.’s Cape Hatteras originally came from the Hudson River, Long Island and Southern New England

  15. Wind Erosion • Wind causes erosion mainly through deflation, the blowing of surface materials • Landforms created by wind deposition include sand dunes and loess deposits • There are two main sources of wind-deposited clay and silt: deserts and glacial meltwater floodplains

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