1. Research on the Organization Model of Ubiquitous Learning Resource ——The Concept and Architecture of Leaning Cell Shengquan Yu yusq@bnu.edu.cn http://www.etc.edu.cn School of Education Technology , Beijing Normal University HongKong July, 2011

2. Sorry, my English is poor, but I’ll try my best.

3. Research Questions

4. Progresses of Learning Resource Sharing Technologies Reusable Learning Unit SCORM Learning objects IMS LD Learning activities Share of learning content Engineering methods and standards for learning content sharing share of education strategies and learning designs Future path? • How to share generative information during learning process • How to evolve learning content to adapt to all personalized demands? • How to share social cognition network as well as resources? • How to share interactive learning tools? • How to implement content aggregation based semantic technology? • How to relate learning processes? • More aggregation：form single resource to highly aggregated and complex resources • Extending sharing scope：from learning content to learning process and strategies • Technology upgrades：from static learning resources to learning tools & dynamic human wisdom sharing

5. Ubiquitous Learning • On demand: Anytime, Anywhere, Mobile… But more: • Social • Situated • Context awareness • Adaptive

6. Learning Resource Needed in Ubiquitous Learning • Anything about everything • Adaptive: learning needs & all kinds of devices • Collective intelligences • Evolutive resources • Situated Knowledge: help learner solve real similar problems

7. Deficiencies of Current Learning Technologies • Born in Web1.0 era • Only supports one-way information communication • More focus on formal learning, less on informal learning

8. Deficiencies of Current Learning Technologies • Emphasize learning resources and activities sharing in a close structure • Ignores the continuous updating of learning resources • Ignores dynamic and generative connection of learning resources • Ignores building up dynamic relationships between learners and teachers with learning resources

10. Proposal of Learning Cell This research try to proposal a new kind of learning source organizing model——Learn Cell The organizational model and key technologies of u-Learning resource

11. The Concept and Architecture of Leaning Cell

12. The Concept of ”Learning Cell” • The meaning of “cell” • Component: learning cells can compose higher-level learning resources • Origin : learning cells grow from small to big, from weak to strong • Nerve cell: unite to get intelligence

13. Learning Cell Generative Connectivity Micro-granularity Evolvable Cohesive Intelligent Social Open, communicates with other resources Adaptive to multiple end-devices and platforms

14. Metadata, aggregation model content Knowledge ontology Editing records practice Co-editing, Learning activities, Communication service, Test & Assessment Assessment records Multiple format Activity records assessment activities Generative information Service interface Usage records Learning cells stored in cloud-computing environment Learning community Generative information

15. The Ubiquitous Learning Process based on Learning Cell

16. Runtime Environment Architecture Aggregate to Course Create Back to Learning cell Learning Cell Repository Content Storage Create Edit tools Call Learning Environment Connecting Inquire & Learn Recording Learning Portfolio Learning Interactive Learning Tools

17. (1)Integrating Learning Activity into Learning Content Learning Content Learning Activity

18. (2) Emphasize the connections between resources and users

19. (3) Open APIs to link external learning ecosystem Opensocial

20. (4) Make learning resources evolve orderly • Learning Resource is Not Presetting, But Generating!

21. the Growth of Knowledge • Using semantic technology to represent, inquiry and reasoning knowledge

22. Resource organization based on knowledge ontology

23. (5) Adaptive Different Cloudy Terminals

24. (6) Dynamic Display Structure Electronic Books Display Templates center Web Pages Display

25. (7) Aggregation Model • Different from tree structure of learning objects’ aggregation model, the aggregation model of “learning cell” is a dynamic network • From resource organization to knowledge organization; From linear tree-form structure to network structure

26. Learning pattern • Learning by reading/ learning by listening/ learning by watching (接受中学) • Learning by doing/ acting （做中学） • Learning by connecting（联系中学） • Learning by re-organizing（重构中学） • Learning Comparing（同题异解，在比较中学） • Learning by reflection（反思中学） • Learning by communicating（交流中学） • Learning by teaching（教中学） • Learning by creating（创造中学）

27. Summary • Learning cell…… • Extends shareable learning resources in space dimension • Extends shareable learning resources in time dimension • Adopts semantic aggregation mode, integrating content provided by different learners according to certain knowledge structure, which is a more practical resource sharing and co-editing mode. • Utilizing cloud-computing and SOA technologies, making the platform highly open and extensible; On one hand, learning cells that are deposited in distributed devices and systems can be shared; on the other hand, it supports plug-in tools, providing multiple content and functions. • Projects • CETV: “New Media Learning Supermarket” • Higher Education Press: ”Knowledge Community” • NSFC : Learning Resource Design and Sharing in Ubiquitous Learning Environment

28. Thanks for your comment! Prototype system: http://lcell.bnu.edu.cn