Contemporary Trends

1. Contemporary Trends A Maturing Art Form

2. Neoclassical • 1990s • Neoclassical means new classical • Jazz has lost its mainstream status • New players are supporting a revival of older styles

3. Wynton Marasalis • The Marsalis family • Ellis,Branford, Wynton, Delfayeo, and Jason • Wynton: born in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1961 • given his first trumpet at age six • age 18 he enrolled in The Juilliard School of Music

4. Wynton Marsalis • 1980 Marsalis went on the road with Art Blakey • 1981 with Herbie Hancock • 1984 he won awards in both jazz and classical genres • 1997 he became the first jazz artist to be awarded the prestigious Pulitzer Prize in music for his work Blood on the Fields

5. Wynton Marsalis • Music Director of the J@LC (Jazz at Lincoln Center) resident orchestra • named one of "America's 25 Most Influential People" by Time magazine and one of "The 50 Most Influential Boomers" by Life magazine in recognition of his critical role in stimulating an increased awareness of jazz in the consciousness of an entire generation of jazz fans and artists

6. Wynton Marsalis • Listening • “Hackensack” • “Reeltime” • Baroque Duet

7. Trumpet Players • Terence Blanchard • Jazz trumpet and film composer • The Caveman’s Valentine • Eve’s Bayou • Malcolm X

8. Trumpet Players • Nicholas Payton • First trumpet at age 4 • Introduced via telephone to Wynton Marsalis • Graduated from NOCCA • Featured at Jazz at Lincoln Center

9. Trumpet Players • Jon Faddis • Bop-inspirerd player • Fast, high range

10. Trumpet Players • Wallace Roneyb. 1960 Philadelphia • Duke Ellington High School for the Performing Arts • Berklee and Howard University • Played with Art Blakey’s Jazz Messengers and Miles Davis

11. The Saxophone • Joe Lovanob. Cleveland 1952 • Berklee • Played with Woody Herman, Lee Konitz, John Scofield • Seeking new ways to further music • Called “The Greatest Italian Tenor” by the Village Voice • “Rush Hour on 23rd Street”w/ Gunther Schuller

12. The Saxophone • Joshua Redmanb. Berkley, 1969 • graduated from Harvard summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa in 1991, and was accepted to Yale Law School • Voted Best New Artist in the 1992 Jazz Times readers' poll • Played with Milt Jackson, Pat Metheny, Roy Hargrove, the Mingus Dynasty

13. The Saxophone • James Carterb. Detroit 1969 • Considered the most versatile young sax player in the 1990s

14. Others • Roy Hargrovetrumpet“Roy Hargrove”an original composition dedicated to his fatherKevin Eubanksguitar Jacky Terrassonpiano

15. Others • Geri Allen Stephen Scottpianist pianist

16. The Neoclassical Movement • Many composers • Stravinsky, Hindemith etc. • Balanced forms • Clear thematic process • Tonal relationships • Principals of composition derived from 18th century but. . . • forms not the same • harmonic speed not a perfect match • key relationships and chordal structures not the same

17. Neoclassicism in Jazz • This movement happened in jazz in the 1980s • Jazz musicians are going home again • The World Saxophone Quartet • Strong ties to the BAG • a mover in free jazz and • an unexpected source of neoclassical music • BAG taught a respect for tradition • Members include • Hamiet Bluiett, baritone • Julius Hemphill, alto • Oliver Lake, alto • David Murray, tenor (replaced in 1986 John Stubblefield)

18. Great Circle Saxophone Quartet • All members have played with Pauline Oliveros, Anthony Braxton, and Cecil Taylor • Dan Plonsey and Randy McKean both studied at Mills College (Anthony Braxton) • Original saxophone unit called “Smokehouse”, later became SPONJ, and finally, the “Great Circle Saxophone Quartet” • Members: • Randy McKean • Dan Plonsey • Chris Jonas • Steve Norton

19. Great Circle Saxophone Quartet • work within the timbre of the saxophone • more interested in being composers • trying to create a new voice for the saxophone that • is not obviously associated with Jazz and • does not rely on the novelty of four saxes playing transcriptions • “Hole in the Sky” from NW 80516-2 “Child King Dictator Fool” • Steve Norton • illustrates the aspirations of the group

20. BTMSQ • Billy Tipton Memorial Saxophone Quartet • Members: • Barbara Marino • worked with Melissa Etheridge, Indigo Girla, Joan Baez, The Roches, Herbis Hancock and others • baritone sax • joined in 1991 • Jessica Lurie • alto and tenor sax • composer • member of and records with the Seattle punk-jazz trio “Living Daylights”

21. BTMSQ • Members: • Maya Johnson • soprano and tenor • abandoned classical flute to join the Bakra Bata Steel Band • also plays with Banda Voou and Samba Seattle • Amy Denio • alto sax • founding member • toured and recorded with Tone Dogs, Curlew, and Pale Nudes • composer • “Green Fish Symphonette premiered by the Berkeley Symphony Orchestra in 1995

22. BTMSQ • Members: • Pam Barger • the quartet’s drummer • former member of Two Nice Girls, Girls in the Nose, and Pretty Mary Sunshine • No long established tradition of all-saxophone ensembles • Two basic approaches • the sax section plays the music of Duke or someone and • taking inspiration from wherever such as • New Orleans Brass Bands • African Drumming • Dance Music

23. BTMSQ • Who is Billy Tipton? • Spokane, Washington saxophonist and pianist • died of a bleeding ulcer in 1989 • actually a woman • the BTMSQ so named because it is no longer unusual for a saxophone player to be a woman

24. BTMSQ • “CUD” - BTMSQ • NW 80495-2 (1996)

25. LATIN JAZZ

26. LATIN JAZZ 1890-1910 • Cuban, Haitian, Mexican influences • Jelly Roll Morton said you couldn't play jazz without it: Wynton Marsalis shows us what it is and displays the wonders of the so-called Latin element in jazz. Seldom acknowledged and often underappreciated, the Latin contribution shows up in jazz of all eras and styles. Featured in an exclusive ensemble performance with Wynton are such jazz masters as Paquito D'Rivera, Danilo Perez, Mario Rivera, Ignacio Berroa, and John Benitez -- in whose hands the "spice" of the Spanish tinge makes a spectacular appearance.

27. The Tango 1910-1920 • Used by James Reese Europe • Jelly Roll Morton • Tangos among Friends

28. The Rumba Craze • The Peanut Vendor • performed by The California Ramblers 1930soundtrack for a century 1.19 • Taboo • Performed by Stan Kenton 1952New Artistry in Rhythm Track 6 • The claves • The signature instrument for Latin music • Also meaning “authentic” in regards Latin music

29. Swing to Cubop • Cubop is a fusion of big band style, Cuban repertoire, and Latin rhythm • All big swing bands had Latin numbers • A Night in Tunisia - Dizzy GillespieSCCJ 3.21 • Stan Kenton • “Taboo” New Concepts of Artistry in Rhythm track 6

30. Swing to Cubop • Important Latin Groups Include • Machito’s Afro-Cubans • Born Frank Raul Grillo 16 February 1909, Havana, Cuba; Died 15 April 1984, London, England • The King of Afro-Cuban jazz • Worked mostly as a singer, with Noro Morales and Xavier Cugat • 1940, formed a group to try out a style that combined Cuban rhythms and melodies and orchestrations derived from swing • ASCAP strike • Influenced Dizzy Gillespie and Stan Kenton • Won the Grammy for best Latin album in 1982

31. 1950s • The Mambo • Tito Puente • Born Ernesto Antonio Puente Jr., 20 April 1923, New York City, New York; Died 31 May 2000, New York City, New York • Worked continuously from 1937 to 2000, recorded over 100 albums • played briefly with Machito's Afro-Cubans • Took advantage of the G.I. Bill to study at the Juilliard School of Music • Some players from Pupi Campo's band, dubbed the Picadilly Boys, were subsequently moved to Tico Records by Puente who then changed the group's name to Tito Puente and his Orchestra

32. 1950s • Tito Puente • The public became aware of a new dance--the Mambo • It was "in" to learn to dance the Mambo no matter what part of society you came from • Puente made his prime-time television debut in 1995 on an episode of "The Simpsons." • In 1997 Puente recorded 50 Years of Swing • In 1999, he won his fifth Grammy for Best Latin Performance for his CD, Mambo Birdland

33. 1950s • Tito Puente • In the late 1990s, • designated as a "Legend" by the Hispanic Hall of Fame • inducted to the Jazz Hall of Fame • received a star on the Walk of Fame in Hollywood • received a Smithsonian Lifetime Achievement award • Donna Lee • CD 2.12 • Influenced: • Duke Ellington, Woody Herman, Billy Taylor and others

34. 1960s • The Brazilian Sound • Bossa Jazz, West Coast style - a “cooler” style • Musicians who toured Brazil included • Charlie Byrd, guitarist • Virginia Tech student in Business Administration • Class of 1946, Business Administration • Enrolled in 1942, did not graduate • Served in the U.S. Army, stationed in Paris in 1945 where he met Reinhardt

35. 1960s • Charlie Byrd • Born September 16, 1925; died December 2, 1999 • learned to play guitar from his father in Chuckatuck, Virginia • played with Belgian guitar virtuoso Django Reinhardt • studied with Andres Segovia • became immersed in Brazil’s bossa nova movement. He and saxophonist Stan Getz recorded the hit album “Jazz Samba” in 1962 • make bossa nova popular in this country, Byrd played on over 100 albums and wrote scores for films

36. 1960s • Dizzy Gillespie • Herbie Mann • The guitar became the central instrument • The popularity of Bossa Nova faded in the late 1960s • Brazilian influence returned as a hybrid form, the Latin-Jazz-Funk style • Mongo Santamaria - leader in Latin-Jazz-Funk

37. 1970s • Airto Moreira • B. 1941 in Itaipolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil • Drumming before he could walk • Playing professionally at age 16 • Married singer Flora Purim • Moved to NYC where he worked for food • Recommended to Miles Davis by Joe Zawinul • Joined Chick Corea’s “Return to Forever”

38. 1970s • Flora Purim • six octave voice • Downbeat Magazine's Best Female Singer • Worked with Gil Evans, Stan Getz, Chick Corea, Dizzy Gillespie, and, of course, Airto Moreira

39. Quiz on Contemporary Trends

40. Quiz • 1. Who won the 1996 Pulitzer Prize in Music? • A. Wynton Marsalis • B. Kieth Jarrett • C. Chick Corea • D. Bill Evans

41. Quiz • 2. Neoclassical means • A. A return to the beginnings of jazz. • B. New classical • C. Swing - Again • D. Jazz in sonata form

42. Quiz • 3. Keith Jarrett studied at what famous music school? • A. Julliard • B. New England Conservatory • C. Paris Conservatory • D. Berklee