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Tooth Morphology

Tooth Morphology. Dentition Natural teeth in position in the dental arch. Arch One row of teeth in the mouth. Maxillary Upper teeth Mandibular Lower teeth. Dentition. Permanent 32 total 16 each arch 20 succedaneous Replace baby teeth! Primary 20 total 10 each arch

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Tooth Morphology

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  1. Tooth Morphology

  2. Dentition Natural teeth in position in the dental arch. Arch One row of teeth in the mouth. Maxillary Upper teeth Mandibular Lower teeth Dentition

  3. Permanent 32 total 16 each arch 20 succedaneous Replace baby teeth! Primary 20 total 10 each arch NO pre-molars NO 3rd molars Numbers of teeth

  4. Each arch is divided into R + L. Midline Max. R. quadrant URQ Max. L. quadrant ULQ Man. L quadrant LLQ Man. R quadrant LRQ Quadrants

  5. 6 sections of the mouth 3 of each arch Maxillary Max. R. Post. Sextant Max. Anterior Sextant Max. L. Post. Sextant Mandibular Mand. L. Post. Sextant Mand. Anterior Sextant Mand. R. Post. Sextant Sextants

  6. Anterior Facial / Labial Lingual Mesial Distal Incisal edge Posterior Facial / Buccal Lingual Mesial Distal Occlusal Proximal surfaces? Surfaces of adjacent teeth closest to each other. Mesial / Distal Midline Mesial / Mesial Example You floss the proximal surfaces of a tooth. Your floss would be interproximal. Between the proximal surfaces. Tooth surfaces

  7. Antagonistic (Antagonists) Teeth that work together to chew Same tooth in the opposite arch. #1 and #32 #14 and #19 Adjacent Teeth next to each other in the same arch. #17 and #18 Tooth Relationships

  8. Convex Outward curve Bulge Rounded projection Concave Inward curve Recessed area Opposite of convex Tooth descriptions  convex Concave 

  9. Contact point Where adjacent teeth touch each other. Diastema Aka open contact Naturally occurring ‘gap’ between teeth Common #8 #9 Any 2 teeth/arch Tooth Morphology 

  10. Embrasure Triangular space between the contact and the gingiva. Cingulum Lump of enamel Lingual surface @ the gum line. Maxillary incisors Tooth Morphology

  11. Lobes Underdeveloped cusps. Cusp Pointed or round mound of enamel. Form the ‘bumps’ on the chewing surface of molars and premolars. “cuspid”! Tooth Morphology

  12. Fossa Round Triangular “low spot” / recessed area On a surface Between cusps or ridges. Developmental groove. Linear “low spot” / recessed area Usually occlusal surface Between cusps Tooth Morphology

  13. Fissure Imperfect union of cusps Appears as a small “crack” Located at the bottom of a developmental groove Pit Where fissures cross or end. Sealants are placed in pits and fissures to prevent decay. Tooth Morphology

  14. Mamelons 3 small cusps Incisal edge Newly erupted incisors. Wear down w/ use. Cusp of Carabelli 5th/ additional cusp Lingual surface Maxillary 1st molars #3 + #14 Tooth Morphology

  15. Ridges Elevated lines of enamel between cusps. Many examples Marginal ridges Form the mesial + distal borders of the tooth. Extend between the buccal and lingual cusps Tooth Morphology

  16. Crown Top of the tooth Covered w/ enamel Root(s) Bottom of the tooth Covered w/ cementum Apex End of the root Apical foramen Hole @ apex Tooth Morphology

  17. Furcation Dividing point of roots Of a multi-rooted tooth Bifurcation 2 roots Trifurcation 3 roots Tooth Morphology Furcation 

  18. CEJ Cementoenamel junction Where enamel meets cementum. Around the outside of the tooth. DEJ Dentinoenamel junction Where enamel meets the dentin. Under the enamel Tooth tissue junctions

  19. Max. Cent. Incisors Numbers: 8, 9 # of roots: 1 Nerve: ASA Type of injection: Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replaces E and F Function Cut Max. Lat. Incisors 7, 10 1 roots ASA Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replaces: D, G Most anomalies. Function Cut Permanent Tooth descriptions!

  20. Max. Cuspid / canine 6 + 11 1 root (Longest) “cornerstone” of the mouth ASA Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replace C, H Function Tear / cut Max 1st premolar / bicuspid 5 + 12 2 roots Only premolar w/ 2 roots Removed for ortho MSA Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replace B, I Function Chew Permanent Tooth Descriptions!

  21. Max 2nd Premolar 4 + 13 1 root MSA Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replace A , J Function Chew Max 1st Molars 3 + 14 6 year molars Cusp of carabelli 3 roots PSA MSA MB root Infiltration Not Succedaneous Function Grind Chew Permanent Tooth Descriptions!

  22. Max 2nd Molars 2 + 15 (12 year molars) 3 roots PSA Infiltration Not succedaneous Function Grind Chew Max 3rd Molars 1 + 16 (wisdom teeth) 3 roots PSA Infiltration Not succedaneous Function Grind Chew Permanent Tooth Descriptions!

  23. Mandibular Central Incisors 24 + 25 1 root Incisive nerve Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replaces O + P Function cut Mandibular lateral Incisors 23 + 26 1 root Incisive nerve Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replaces N + Q Function cut Permanent Tooth descriptions!

  24. Mandibular Cuspid / Canine 22 + 27 1 root Incisive nerve Infiltration Succedaneous: yes Replaces M + R Function Tear / cut Mandibular 1st Premolar / bicuspid 21 + 28 1 root IA (inferior alveolar) Block injection @? Mandibular foramen Succedaneous: yes Replaces L + S Function chew Permanent Tooth Descriptions!

  25. Mandibular 2nd Premolar / bicuspid 20 + 29 1 root IA nerve Block Succedaneous: yes Replaces K + T Function Chew Mandibular 1st Molars 19 + 30 2 roots IA nerve Block Not Succedaneous Function Chew, grind, pulverize Permanent Tooth Descriptions!

  26. Mandibular 2nd Molars 18 + 31 2 roots IA nerve Block Not succedaneous Function Grind, chew, pulverize Mandibular 3rd Molars (wisdom teeth) 17 + 32 2 roots IA nerve Block Not succedaneous Function (if in occlusion) Grind, chew, pulverize Permanent Tooth descriptions!

  27. Aka Deciduous Baby Milk Denoted / Labeled A – T ABC’s Alphabetically Letters not numbers No Premolars 3rd molars Roots Max molars 3 roots Mand molars 2 roots Cuspid / canine and incisors All 1 root. Primary Tooth Descriptions

  28. Arch 1st Max or Mand Side 2nd Right / left Position 3rd Central / Lateral 1st / 2nd / 3rd Type of tooth 4th Molar / premolar / cuspid / incisor Examples Permanent teeth #2 Max R. 2nd Molar #21 Mand L. 1st Premolar Primary teeth #B Max R. 1stprimary molar Naming a Tooth!

  29. Conclusion • Knowing your tooth names and numbers is critical to being a successful dental assistant. • Understanding morphology terminology will make it easier to communicate with your dentist. • Do you have any questions?

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