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Citing to Westlaw and Lexis:

Citing to Westlaw and Lexis:. Part 12 of the Legal Methods Lecture Series By Deborah Gordon. Why Cite to Electronic Databases?. Some legal research materials are not published or widely available. Bluebook Rule 18. Case Citations.

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Citing to Westlaw and Lexis:

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  1. Citing to Westlaw and Lexis: Part 12 of the Legal Methods Lecture Series By Deborah Gordon

  2. Why Cite to Electronic Databases? • Some legal research materials are not published or widely available. • Bluebook Rule 18

  3. Case Citations • Provide the case name, docket number, database identifier, court name, and full date of the most recent major disposition of the case. • Examples: • Gibbs v. Frank, No. 02-3924, 2004 U.S. App. LEXIS 21357, at *18 (3d Cir. Oct. 14, 2004). • Int’l Snowmobile Mfrs. Ass’n v. Norton, No. 00-CV-229-B, 2004 WL 2337372, at *3 (D. Wyo. Oct. 14, 2004).

  4. Statute and Constitution Citations • Give the name of the database and any information provided by the database itself rather than the code year. • Give the name of the publisher, editor or compiler unless the code is published, edited or complied by federal or state officials: • Examples: • Wash. Const. art. I, § 2 (West, Westlaw through Nov. 2003 amendments). • Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 1670 (Deering, LEXIS through 1995 Sess.). • Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 1670 (West, Westlaw through 1995 portion of 1995–96 Legis. Sess.). • Wis. Stat. § 19.43 (LEXIS through 1994 legislation).

  5. Legislative, Administrative, and Executive Materials • This rule governs materials like federal regulations, congressional debates, revenue rulings, among others. • When citing to such materials using LEXIS or Westlaw, give the database name and any identifying codes or numbers that uniquely identify the material. • Specific examples are provided in Rule 18.1.3.

  6. Books, Periodicals, and Other Secondary Materials • When citing secondary materials to a database, provide a complete citation (per BB Rules 15-17) and a parallel citation to the database using “available at”: • Example: • T.R. Fehrenbach, TV’s Alamo Tale Fairly Accurate, San Antonio Express-News, Mar. 17, 1996, at A1, available at 1996 WL 2824823.

  7. Short Citations - Cases • For materials from LEXIS or Westlaw, use the unique database identifier to construct your short form: • Examples for cases: • Int’l Snowmobile Mfrs. Ass’n v. Norton, No. 00-CV-229-B, 2004 WL 2337372, at *3 (D. Wyo. Oct. 14, 2004). • becomes: Int’l Snowmobile, 2004 WL 2337372, at *3. • Chavez v. Metro. Dist. Comm’n, No. 3:02CV458(MRK), 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 11266, at *5 n.3 (D. Conn. June 1, 2004). • becomes: Chavez, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 11266, at *5 n.3.

  8. Short Citations – Other Materials • As with cases, include the database identifier. • Examples: • H.R. 3781, 104th Cong. § 1 (1996), 1996 Cong US HR 3781 (Westlaw). • becomes: H.R. 3781 § 1, 1996 Cong US HR 3781 (Westlaw). • FTC Credit Practices Rule, 16 C.F.R. § 444.1 (2000), 16 CFR s 444.1 (Westlaw). • becomes: 16 C.F.R. § 444.1, 16 CFR s 444.1 (Westlaw). • or: 16 CFR s 444.1 (Westlaw).

  9. Internet Citations: • Bluebook Rule 18.2 • Cite to URL, if straightforward • If overly complicated, give root URL and parenthetical instructions on how to access information • Examples: • http://fjsrc.urban.org/noframe/wqs/q_data_1.htm#2001 (follow “2001: AOUSC out” hyperlink; then follow “Offenses: TTSECMO” hyperlink). • Not: http://fjsrc.urban.org/noframe/wqs/q_e.cfm?cat=3&year=2001&agency=AOUSC&saf=out&var1=TTSECMSO

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