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Background: Primary dentition

Maternal and early life factors associated with tooth emergence patterns and number of teeth at one and two years of age . Georgia Ntani , Peter F Day, Janis Baird, Keith M Godfrey, Sian M Robinson, Cyrus Cooper, Hazel M Inskip 12 th June 2014. Background: Primary dentition.

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Background: Primary dentition

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  1. Maternal and early life factors associated with tooth emergence patterns and number of teeth at one and two years of age Georgia Ntani, Peter F Day, Janis Baird, Keith M Godfrey, Sian M Robinson, Cyrus Cooper, Hazel M Inskip 12th June 2014

  2. Background: Primary dentition Why are we interested? • Caries in primary (or baby) teeth is one of the most common health problems affecting young children • Advanced tooth eruption may be associated with increased risk of dental caries What do we know? • Genetic influences [1] • Environmental influences, including weight and length at birth [2], maternal smoking [3] and malnutrition [4] [1] Hughes et al, J Dent Res 2007 [2] Bastos et al, Arch Oral Biol 2007 [3] Rantakallio et al, Growth 1983 [4] Psoter et al, Community Dent Oral Epidemiol2008

  3. Objective To examine the interrelationship of timing of first primary tooth emergence and number of teeth at ages one and two years with pre-conception, pregnancy and postnatal factors, using data from the Southampton Women’s Survey (SWS)

  4. Southampton Women’s Survey (SWS) 12,583 non-pregnant Southampton women aged 20-34 interviewed about diet, body composition, physical activity, social circumstances and lifestyle Subsequent pregnancies studied. 3,159 live singleton births - babies followed through infancy and beyond

  5. Primary Dentition One year visit • Age or date at which the child’s first tooth emerged • Erupted teeth recorded on a dental chart Two year visit • Erupted teeth recorded on a dental chart

  6. Primary Dentition - Outcomes • Age of first tooth eruption continuous • Number of teeth at 1 year of age continuous • Number of teeth at 2 years of age: • 52% of the children had 16 teeth. • Outcome dichotomised: children with > 16 teeth characterised as having advanced • dental development

  7. Potential risk factors Maternal social factors Education, receipt of benefits, Index of Multiple Deprivation Maternal characteristics Age at birth of the child, weight, body mass index (BMI), skinfold thickness, smoking during pregnancy, ethnicity, dietary quality score, and walking speed Children’s characteristics Sex, crown-heel length, weight and head circumference at birth, duration of breast feeding and weight and height at 1 and 2 years of age

  8. Statistical analysis Age of first deciduous tooth and number of teeth at 1 year of age • Stepwise multiple linear regression models Number of teeth at 2 years of age • Stepwise multiple binomial regression models with robust standard errors Variable added in stepwise regression process if p-value<0.01

  9. Results – Demographic characteristics

  10. Results – Dentition data

  11. Results – Associations with risk factors 1Log-transformed 2 Estimates for walking speed are for trend across increasing levels 3RR: Relative Risk

  12. Results – Associations with risk factors 1Log-transformed 2 Estimates for walking speed are for trend across increasing levels 3RR: Relative Risk

  13. Results – Associations with risk factors 1Log-transformed 2 Estimates for walking speed are for trend across increasing levels 3RR: Relative Risk

  14. Results – Associations with risk factors 1Log-transformed 2 Estimates for walking speed are for trend across increasing levels 3RR: Relative Risk

  15. Results – Associations with risk factors 1Log-transformed 2 Estimates for walking speed are for trend across increasing levels 3RR: Relative Risk

  16. Results – Associations with risk factors 1Log-transformed 2 Estimates for walking speed are for trend across increasing levels 3RR: Relative Risk

  17. Results – Associations with risk factors 1Log-transformed 2 Estimates for walking speed are for trend across increasing levels 3RR: Relative Risk

  18. Discussion • Children of mothers who smoked in pregnancy had more advanced dentition • Children of mothers of Asian ethnicity had later onset and lower rates of teeth eruption • Bigger babies at birth and one year also had earlier eruption patterns • Children of mothers who lived in less advantaged areas, were less physically active or more adipose had a faster rate of dental emergence, most apparent at two years

  19. Conclusions There is an apparent impact of health behaviours of women before and during pregnancy, and particularly maternal smoking, on the eruption patterns of primary dentition

  20. Acknowledgements Mums, dads, and children

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