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Comprehensive Review of Cell Biology and Tissue Types for Physiology Exam

This study guide covers essential topics in physiology, focusing on cytoplasmic components, primary tissues, and protein structures. Key questions addressed include the composition of body mass, cellular mechanisms like endocytosis and osmosis, and the classification of tissues. Understanding organelles and their functions, such as cilia and microtubules, is crucial. The guide also explains the characteristics of different solutions impacting cell behavior. Ideal for exam preparation, it provides a systematic approach to mastering chapters 1-5.

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Comprehensive Review of Cell Biology and Tissue Types for Physiology Exam

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  1. Physiology Exam 1 Study chapters 1-5

  2. The cytoplasm includes all material inside the cell membrane except for_____.

  3. Nucleus

  4. Which elements make up 90% of your body’s mass?

  5. Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen

  6. The alpha helix and pleated sheets are examples of ____ structure proteins.

  7. Secondary

  8. A sequence of amino acids are examples of ____ structure proteins.

  9. Primary

  10. Fibrous proteins (Collagen) and Globular proteins (Hemoglobin) are examples of ____ structure proteins.

  11. Quaternary structure

  12. A 5M solution of 0.100 mL glucose contains how many grams of glucose? (m.w. of glucose is 180g)

  13. M = #mols of solute L of solution 90g glucose

  14. Name the six nonmembraneous organelles

  15. Cilia Centrioles Microvilli Cytoskeleton Flagella Ribosomes

  16. How many primary tissue types are in the human body?

  17. Four

  18. What are the primary tissue types in the body?

  19. Epithelial Connective Muscle Neural

  20. Plasma is to blood as ____ is to cytoplasm.

  21. Cytosol

  22. Clathrin and Caveolae are used in which process by the cell to bring molecules in to the cytoplasm?

  23. Endocytosis

  24. How does potocytosis differ from endocytosis?

  25. Potocytosis uses caveolae rather than clathrin coated pits to bring molecules into the cell.

  26. What happens to macromolecules that are too large to enter or leave cells through protein channels or carriers?

  27. Cells use two basic mechanisms to import large molecules and particles: phogocytosis and endocytosis.

  28. In osmosis water always moves towards the ___ solution, that is the solution with the ___ concentration of solute.

  29. Hypertonic, Higher

  30. During osmosis, what happens to water once all concentrations are equal?

  31. Net movement of water stops.

  32. What are the units of osmotic pressure?

  33. atmospheres (atm) or millimeters of mercury (mm Hg)

  34. If a cell is place in solution A and it swells, solution A is ____.

  35. Hypotonic

  36. If a cell is place in solution B and it shrinks, solution B is ____.

  37. Hypertonic

  38. If a cell is place in solution C and it doesn’t change size, solution C is ____.

  39. Isotonic

  40. The framework of cilia, flagella, centriole, and mitotic spindle is formed by ____.

  41. Microtubels

  42. What cellular specialization causes fluid to flow over the epithelial surface?

  43. Cilia

  44. What is the main component of cytosol?

  45. Water

  46. What layer of skin protects from bacterial, chemical, and mechanical injuries?

  47. Epidermis

  48. What layer of skin contains adipose tissue?

  49. Hypodermis

  50. What is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane with the aid of a membrane protein?

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