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International Standards

International Standards. © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. . AWLF 1.0—Bridge Addendum- 1. Objectives. To understand dB, dBi, dBm and their references To gain an understanding of RF channels and their sets To understand the regulatory differences within the ISM band Define and configure World mode.

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International Standards

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  1. InternationalStandards © 2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. AWLF 1.0—Bridge Addendum-1

  2. Objectives • To understand dB, dBi, dBm and their references • To gain an understanding of RF channels and their sets • To understand the regulatory differences within the ISM band • Define and configure World mode

  3. RF Concepts www.cisco.com © 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. Chapter#-3

  4. Power Level Acronyms • dB- Decibel- Ratio of one value to another • dBm = compared to 1 milliwatt (0dBm=1mW) • dBi = compared to isotropic antenna • dBd = compared to a dipole antenna

  5. Approximate mW values to dBm values These values were ALL estimated using 0dBm as a starting point. Add 3dB to any number=double power. Add 10dB = 10x power. Subtract 3dB=1/2. If 0dM=1mW, then 14dB =25 (0dB=1mw, therefore 10dB=10mW, therefore 20dB=100mW, subtracting 3dB (17=50mW) subtract 3 more(14=25mW.) ALL numbers can be found with a little addition/subtraction.

  6. Power ratings • Transmit power rated in dBm or watts • Power coming off an antenna is EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power) • EIRP is what FCC/ETSI uses for power limits in regulations for 2.4GHz.

  7. Cable Loss -dB E.I.R.P. Transmitter Power (dBm) Bridge or Access Point E.I.R.P. Antenna Gain (dBi)

  8. RF Channels www.cisco.com © 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. Chapter#-8

  9. Channel Sets are Country based IC ETSI Telec FCC

  10. Channel Sets Regulatory Domain Channel Identifier Center Frequency North America & ANZ ETSI Mexico France/Singapore Japan Israel X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2412 MHz 2417 MHz 2422 MHz 2427 MHz 2432 MHz 2437 MHz 2442 MHz 2447 MHz 2452 MHz 2457 MHz 2462 MHz 2467 MHz 2472 MHz 2484 MHz X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

  11. Channel Sets programmed at the factory

  12. FCC specifics • The transmitter cannot exceed 30 dBm (1 Watt) with an EIRP not to exceed 36 dBm (4 Watts) • This means that the antenna system (antenna gain – cable loss) cannot exceed 6 dBi • For every dB that the transmitter is lower than 30 dB the antenna systems gain can be increased by 1 dB. • The Cisco 350 series of products and all Cisco/Aironet bridge products programmed with the N. American channel set have a max. power output of 20 dB (100 mW)

  13. FCC specifics (cont.) • For bridging two sites in a point-to-point configuration the ruling is slightly altered. • Note: These rules are for point to point configurations ONLY • For every dB that the transmit power of the radio is less than 30 dB the antenna gain can be increased by 3 dB. • Ex. A radio with a transmit power of 20 dBm is 10 dB less than the 30 dB max. this means the antenna system can be 36 dB.

  14. ETSI specifics • Maximum EIRP is 100 mW (20 dBm) • Using higher gain antennas is possible if the power output of the transmitter is reduced. By utilizing higher gain antennas you will be able to achieve further distances. • Ex. If the transmit power was reduced to 5 mW (7 dBm) the antenna system could be increased up to 13 dBi (7 dBm + 13 dBi – cable loss = <20 dBm)

  15. Japan specifics • Allows for 14 channels within the channel set • 4 of the channels are non-overlapping • Power output of radio is dictated by product • and antenna

  16. Power Output • The maximum power output of the radio is dictated by the Channel Set programmed into the radio. • The power output can be adjusted down from that level in discreet increments through the firmware but can never be raised higher than what the channel set dictates.

  17. World Mode www.cisco.com © 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. Chapter#-17

  18. Purpose of World Mode

  19. World Mode methodology • Client, at startup, LISTENS to an AP • AP sends out information with the beacon about its Channel set (frequencies, power levels) • Client assumes that particular channel set criteria • Compliance with international regulations is maintained

  20. World Mode AP Setup

  21. World Mode Client Setup

  22. Cisco Wireless Training © 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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