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Making Babies: Choosing to have Children… …or not

Making Babies: Choosing to have Children… …or not. Choosing to have Children. Pronatalist Bias : having children is taken for granted, while not having children needs to be justified Why wouldn’t you have children?. Choosing not to have Children. Structural Antinatalism ( Friedan ):

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Making Babies: Choosing to have Children… …or not

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  1. Making Babies:Choosing to have Children… …or not

  2. Choosing to have Children Pronatalist Bias: having children is taken for granted, while not having children needs to be justified Why wouldn’t you have children?

  3. Choosing not to have Children Structural Antinatalism(Friedan): American society is insufficiently supportive of having children * * *

  4. Why have Children: the Value of Children Perspective Cultural shift from children as economic asset to emotional investment- “a child to love” * * *

  5. Social Capital Perspective The anticipated social benefits as motivation *

  6. ADVANTAGES OF CHILDREN: Hoffman 1. AFFECTION / PRIMARY GROUP TIES (63%) 2. FUN / STIMULATION (58%) 3. EXPANSION OF SELF (34%) 4. ADULT STATUS (21%)

  7. DISADVANTAGES OF HAVING CHILDREN 1. LOSS OF FREEDOM (51%) 2. FINANCIAL COSTS (42%) 3. OPPORTUNITY COSTS • economic • emotional 4. TENSION in RELATIONSHIP

  8. Effects of having Children on Marriage(Picker) • 33 to 50% experience distress after first child as high as couples in counseling WHY? • Child Care pushes couples into traditional gender roles--Women take on majority of work

  9. Solutions to Negative effect of children(Gottman) Couples remain happy when… • Husband admires his wife • Keeps romance alive • Understand wife’s inner life Husband’s behavior most influential in marital satisfaction

  10. NEW TRENDS Remaining Child Free * reasons why… Postponing Parenthood * 2-sided coin… One Child Families * the good and bad…

  11. PREMARITAL PREGNANCIES • 1940, unwed birthrate less than 5% of total births • 2005, unwed birthrate 37% of total births

  12. Older Single Mothers 1980 to 1998, Unwed birthrates for women • Women ages 30-34 increased by more than 90%

  13. Older Single Mothers White women’s rate increased by 128% while the increase was only 20% among the same age-group of black women

  14. Teenage Pregnancies • unwed birth rate among teens decreasing • 2000 12% of all births • 2000, 79% of teenage births occurred outside of marriage • Highest rates of teen pregnancy was in 1950

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