Andy Siggner & Vivian O’Donnell, Statistics Canada

2. Understanding the Aboriginal Peoples Survey of 2001: The Process, Content and Geographic Coverage Andy Siggner & Vivian O’Donnell, Statistics Canada Presented at the Joint Session of Canadian Population Society, Canadian Association of Geographers, Canadian Indigenous Native Studies Association University of Toronto, May 30, 2002

3. Aboriginal Peoples Survey • First conducted in 1991 • Key source of data for the Royal Commission on Aboriginal People • Included in RCAP recommendations • Statistics Canada mandated to complete a second APS in Gathering Strength, the federal government’s Aboriginal Action Plan

4. APS Implementation Committee • Consultation with Aboriginal organizations on the APS led to the creation of an Implementation Committee • Established to direct the APS in April 1999 • Meets monthly • Makes decisions regarding the content of the survey, geographic areas, testing strategies, and output formulas

5. APS Implementation Committee • Assembly of First Nations (active member until spring 2001) • Congress of Aboriginal Peoples • Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami • Métis National Council • National Association of Friendship Centres • Native Women’s Association of Canada • Two federal government representatives in addition to two Statistics Canada representatives • A provincial/territorial representative (ex-officio) • An Elder/facilitator

6. Aboriginal Peoples Survey • The Aboriginal Peoples Survey (APS) is a post-censal survey • A selection of people who reported on the census having at least one of the following: • Aboriginal identity • Aboriginal ancestry • Registered or treaty Indian status • Band membership

7. Collection • Phase 1, which was completed October to December 2001, covered the population that identified as Aboriginal on their census form, and/or reported registered or treaty Indian status and/or reported band membership. Sample size was approximately 108,000. • Phase 2, which is currently being collected, covers the population that reported Aboriginal ancestry but no identity on their census form. Sample size is approximately 14,000. • The total sample is approximately 12% of the Aboriginal population

8. What type of data will be available? • The Aboriginal Peoples Survey is comprised of different questionnaires: • Adult Core Questionnaire • Children and Youth Questionnaire • Métis Supplement • Arctic Supplement

9. Adult Core Questionnaire The Adult Core Questionnaire contains the following sections: • Education • Language • Labour • Income • Health • Communication Technology • Mobility • Housing

10. Children and Youth Questionnaire The Children & Youth Questionnaire contains the following sections: • Dental Care • Nutrition • Education • Social Activities & Relationships • Language • Child Care Arrangements • Household Data • Demographics • General Health • Health Care Utilization • Activities of Daily Living and Medical Conditions • Physical Injuries

11. Métis Supplement The Métis Supplement is administered to respondents who report Métis identity or ancestry. It contains the following sections (in addition to the Core components): • Family Background • Household Information • Cultural Background • Health

12. Arctic Supplement The Arctic Supplement is administered to respondents residing in northern communities. It contains the following sections (in addition to the Core components): • Household and Harvesting Activities • Personal Wellness • Community Wellness and Social Participation

13. Outputs • There will be an enormous amount of information, and there are many options as to how to produce and distribute the information so that it is useful • Planning for dissemination is underway

14. Step-by-Step Timeline September, 2003 Initial Release

15. Product possibilities... • User’s Guide: This guide will provide information related to the development of the survey, the methodology that was used to choose the sample, the questionnaires and the various data products. • Tables series: Simple tables could be provided in paper form but the larger, more complex tables would be provided in an electronic format. • Fact Sheets and Backgrounders: These 2–3 page information sheets could provide a snapshot of a particular theme or Aboriginal group at various levels of geography.

16. More products… • Community Profiles: Profiles could include data highlights of the community accompanied by some basic charts and graphs. This information could be enhanced with Census data. These would most likely be in paper and electronic formats. • Public Use Microdata File - an electronic product (CD-ROM) of micro data produced from the 2001 APS. Data manipulation can be performed with statistical software such as SAS or SPSS or a database or spreadsheet software.

17. Geography • Off reserve population • On reserve population • Aboriginal origin-only population • Publishing on and off reserve data

18. Off Reserve Population Data will be available for the Aboriginal population residing off-reserve at the following geographic areas: • NATIONAL • PROVINCIAL(Note: Atlantic provinces will be grouped) • SUB-PROVINCIAL(for example, rural and urban breakdowns) • COMMUNITY LEVEL • 25 Métis Communities • 50 Inuit Communities • 10 selected large urban centres • 15 communities that had 40% or more Aboriginal population and at least 250 Aboriginal people

19. On-Reserve Population • The sample selection process focussed on large reserve communities • Community-level data for approximately 120 First Nations who participated will be available, and are of very good quality • Potential problems in aggregating data to the provincial or national level • Census will remain a key source of data for the Aboriginal population residing on reserve

20. Aboriginal “Origin-only” Population • A portion of the population to be surveyed by the APS did not report Aboriginal identity on the census, but did report some Aboriginal origin • Data for this population will be available at the national and provincial levels

21. For more information: www.statcan.ca www. apsurvey.ca

22. APPENDIX

23. Ancestry/Origin Population

24. Identity Population

25. Identity Population

26. Adult Core Questionnaire The Adult Core Questionnaire contains the following sections: • Education • Language • Labour • Income • Health • Communication Technology • Mobility • Housing

27. Adult Core Questionnaire • Education Section • Highest level of schooling • Reasons for not completing high school/post secondary schooling • Currently attending school • Aboriginal content in schooling (Aboriginal teachers, use of Aboriginal language, taught an Aboriginal language, accuracy of Aboriginal content in curriculum) • Location of schools (within or outside community) • Financial Assistance to attend post-secondary • Distance education • Residential School

28. Adult Core Questionnaire • Language Section • Aboriginal Languages understood or spoken • Level of ability to understand, speak, read and write • Extent of use of Aboriginal languages at home, school, work and other places • Availability of services (for example, health, education, justice) in Aboriginal languages • Importance to keep, learn or re-learn Aboriginal languages

29. Adult Core Questionnaire • Labour Activity • Currently working • Occupation and industry • More than one job • Reasons for not currently working, not working full-time • Harvesting activities (hunting, fishing, gathering wild plants, trapping)

30. Adult Core Questionnaire • Income • Source of income (such as paid employment, employment insurance, pensions, social assistance, other sources)

31. Adult Core Questionnaire • Health • Self-rated health • Contact with health professionals (for example, family doctor, nurse) • Access to Aboriginal healing practices • Activity limitations (difficulties with activity because of health problems) • Chronic conditions (for example, diabetes, arthritis, bronchitis, cancer, high blood pressure, hepatitis, kidney disease, tuberculosis) • HIV/AIDS (testing, treatment) • Fertility/pregnancy (Number of children) • Height and Weight • Smoking Activity • Alcohol consumption • Social support • Opinions about social problems

32. Adult Core Questionnaire • Communication Technology • Technology use (satellite dish, cable TV, cell phone, ATM, debit card) • Use of computer • Location of computer use (for example, at home, work, at library) • Internet use • Location of Internet use

33. Adult Core Questionnaire • Mobility • Number of moves in the past 5 years • Reasons for moving • How long been in present location • Number of temporary absences • Reasons for temporary absences (for example, work, school, illness)

34. Adult Core Questionnaire • Housing • Features in the home (telephone, running water, smoke detector etc.) • Water available safe for drinking • Source of heat in the home • Special features to assist with a health condition • In need of major repairs • Rented/owned • Social housing waiting list • Home insurance coverage

35. Children and Youth Questionnaire The Children & Youth Questionnaire contains the following sections: • Dental Care • Nutrition • Education • Social Activities & Relationships • Language • Child Care Arrangements • Household Data • Identification • Demographics • General Health • Health Care Utilization • Activities of Daily Living and Medical Conditions • Physical Injuries

36. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Demographic Section • Relationship of respondent to child • Aboriginal ancestry • Origin through father, mother, grandfathers, grandmothers

37. Children and Youth Questionnaire • General Health Section • General health status • Height and weight • BMI • Level of physical activity • Birth Weight • Breast fed

38. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Health Care Utilization Section • Contact with pediatrician, general practitioner, medical specialist, and public health nurse • Seen or talked with • Where contact took place • Type of care needed • Overnight stays in a hospital • Contact with traditional healer, psychologist, child welfare or aid worker, and/or other trained person

39. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Activities of Daily Living and Medical Conditions Section • Limitation of Activity at home, school and other places • Chronic conditions (allergies, bronchitis, T.B., diabetes, ear infections, F.A.S./F.A.E., asthma) • Medications taken (traditional medicines, inhalers, ritalin or any other medication)

40. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Physical Injuries Section • Presence of injury • Injured in the past 12 months • Type of injury, most serious injury and cause of injury

41. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Dental Care Section • Occurrence of last dental care • Type of care required • Received required dental care • If did not receive dental care, why not (wait time, transportation, cost, etc.)

42. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Nutrition Section • How often breakfast is eaten per week • Quality of nutrition • Variety/frequency of food consumed (wild meat, processed meat, milk, eggs, vegetables, potatoes, breads, candy, etc.)

43. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Education Section • School attendance (currently or not currently attending school) • Attendance at early education development • Current Grade level • School history (advanced/repeated a grade, received awards, suspended/expelled from school) • Types of schools Attended (Preschool, Aboriginal specific programs) • Reasons why not attending • Limitations at school (factors, help received)

44. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Social Activities and Relationships Section • Leisure activities (sports, music lessons, clubs, cultural activities, job, t.v., computer, video games, etc.) • Quality of relationships (parents, siblings, teachers, and other kids) • Types of worries and causes

45. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Language Section • Importance of Aboriginal language • Ability to speak and understand an Aboriginal language • Who provides help in learning language

46. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Childcare Arrangements Section • Main child care arrangement • Time spent per week in main type of childcare

47. Children and Youth Questionnaire • Household Data Section • Socio-Demographic information (age and sex) • Highest level of schooling • Relative’s Attendance at Residential Schools • Number of persons in household • Siblings living in/out of household • One or two parent household • Type of household income (Paid Employment, Self Employment, E.I., Canada Pension, Social Assistance) • Number of household members receiving income

48. Métis Supplement The Métis Supplement is administered to respondents who report Métis identity or ancestry. It contains the following sections (in addition to the Core components): • Family Background • Household Information • Cultural Background • Health

49. Métis Supplement • Family Background Section • Community of birth of respondent, mother and father • Use of French and Aboriginal languages in the household • Aboriginal ancestry of mother and father • Bill C-31 • Removal of children • Childcare arrangements

50. Métis Supplement • Household Information Section • Marital status • Ancestry of spouse/partner • Use of Aboriginal languages in the home