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Separation of Mixtures

Separation of Mixtures. Mixtures. Mixture-2 or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties We can separate the components of a mixture by using their characteristic properties. Decanting.

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Separation of Mixtures

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  1. Separation of Mixtures

  2. Mixtures • Mixture-2 or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties • We can separate the components of a mixture by using their characteristic properties

  3. Decanting • Decanting means you are pouring off a liquid without disturbing the sediment or other liquid layers. • You usually use it to separate solids from liquids, but it can be used to separate two liquids.

  4. Decanting • When decanting solids from liquids, pour out the liquid into another beaker. • Always use a glass stirring rod or a similar apparatus to (a) help keep the solid from pouring out and (b) to allow the liquid to run down it and keep from splashing

  5. Evaporation • Evaporation can be used to separate a solid from a liquid in a homogeneous solution • The solution is heated until all of the liquid evaporates and only the solid is left behind

  6. Magnetic Properties • Two substances can be separated by their magnetic properties if one substance is magnetic and the other is not • The magnet will then attract one substance but not the other

  7. Filtration • A filter is a membrane or layer that allows some substances to pass through while blocking others • You use to separate insoluble solids from liquids • The most common type of filtration is gravity filtration

  8. Filtration

  9. Chromatography • Chromatography is used to separate the components of a solution (homogeneous mixture) • A sample of the mixture is placed a little past one end of the chromatography surface (often, paper) • The end with the sample is placed in another liquid (solvent) • The solvent will be absorbed and travel up the chromatography surface bringing the mixture with it • Different components of the mixture will travel different lengths up the chromatography surface

  10. Chromatography

  11. Distillation • Distillation is a technique used to separate two liquids with different boiling points • When the first liquid starts to boil, it evaporates and reaches the condenser • Water runs along the outside of the condenser, cooling the vapor and allowing it to return to the liquid state and be collected at the other end

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