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Report on Sensor Networks

Report on Sensor Networks. By Ganesh Godavari Tuesday, Feb 17, 2004. Sensor Networks. Basic Subsystems of Motes Power: sensor motes don’t have the ability to monitor an environment for unlimited time as they only have limited energy.

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Report on Sensor Networks

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  1. Report onSensor Networks By Ganesh Godavari Tuesday, Feb 17, 2004

  2. Sensor Networks • Basic Subsystems of Motes • Power: sensor motes don’t have the ability to monitor an environment for unlimited time as they only have limited energy. • Computation: Sensor motes are required to process sensor data and communicate with others. Their computation power of the motes is very less compared to any desktop. • Sensors: sensor motes have the basic sensors for sensing the environment like temperature, pressure, humidity, sound, acceleration. • Communication: communication must be possible between the motes separated by a range of few meters.

  3. Focus of our project • Goals of First Responder Sensor Network (FRSN) • Information Gathering : get information about temperature from each mote and display information • Tracking : ability to monitor movement of motes

  4. Equipment Used • Stargate: XScale Network Interface and Single Board Computer used as gateway. • Wireless Measurement System • Mica2 • Micadot Stargate MICA2DOT MICA2

  5. Contd.. • Programming Interfaces Available • MIB500 – Parallel Port Programming Interface Board • MIB510 – Serial Port Programming Interface Board

  6. Stargate • Operating System : Linux 2.4.19-rmk7-pxa1 • Network Interfaces : wired Ethernet 10/100 Base-T port

  7. Information Gathering • Application must have • Ability to form a network dynamically (ADHOC) • provide information to the Gateway • Role of Gateway • Must gather information • Send information to a set of Wired/wireless clients

  8. Existing applications/libraries • TinyOS-1.1 provides adhoc routing libraries which use • Shortest Path First algorithm • Active two-way link estimation • Example Surge Application • Limitations : higher message frequency can lead to data congestion

  9. Contd.. • Application • SerialForwarder : read data from the serial port • Listen: connects to the SerialForwarder and displays the information • Surge: displays information in GUI format for better visualization

  10. Applications Stargate • Stargate came with • “Hello World” Application • Networking Application • File System Application • Webcam video-capture application • Mote Application • Missing is the forwarder application.

  11. Current work • Working on writing a forwarder application that forwards data received on the serial port. • Did preliminary analysis on the working of serialforwarder. • Failed to port wonka jvm onto stargate. • http://wonka.acunia.com/ doesn’t seem to be right.

  12. Message structure TOS_Msg typedef struct TOS_Msg { uint16_t addr; uint8_t type; uint8_t group; uint8_t length; int8_t data[TOSH_DATA_LENGTH]; uint16_t crc; } TOS_Msg;

  13. Message Structure TOS_MHopMsg typedef struct MultihopMsg { uint16_t sourceaddr; uint16_t originaddr; int16_t seqno; uint8_t hopcount; uint8_t data[(TOSH_DATA_LENGTH - 7)]; } TOS_MHopMsg

  14. Captured data analysis Captured a multihop message of surge 7E 42 7D 5E 0 11 33 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EC 0 7D 5E 0 13 6C 7E 7E indicates the beginning of the frame 42 indicates A data packet that does not require a subsequent ACK packet (tinyos documentation) 7D indicates that the preceding byte needs to escaped i.e preceding byte needs to be xor with 0x20 and is not counted 5E 5E xor 20 = 7E // beginning of the tos packet 0 00 the second part of the tinyos message 11 decimal value 17 indicates its a multi hop packet 33 group id c decimal value 12 is the length of the data so the data is

  15. Contd.. 0 0 source address of the multihop message 0 0 original address of the multihop message 0 0 sequence number 0 hop count 0 EC 0 7D 5E data part of the multihop message 0 13 is the CRC of the tinyos message 6C 7E is the part of the frame

  16. stargate and Java Virtual Machine (JVM) • open wonka jvm • acunia technologies • can run on the arm architecture machines. • Wonka • fsroot directory • contains important classes for the system. • wonka bin file • wonka reads all classes inside the fsroot directory

  17. installing SerialForwarder on stargate • Serial forwarder application • tools/java/net/tinyos/sf directory. • copy the class files in net directory and its subdirectory in to fsroot directory • Remove the ‘(‘, ‘)’ braces in device.config file for the serial devices you are going to use for both attach-serial-device, and register-serial-device line. • wonka <serialforwarder filename>

  18. Displaying data on host/remote pc • Environment variable • “MOTECOM” • Tells where the serial forwarder is running • export MOTECOM=sf@testABC.domainname:9001

  19. Current activities • Looking into the tracking

  20. References • http://cs.uccs.edu/~frsn/docs/nisscReport.doc

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