1 / 45

Radiation Protection

Radiation Protection. Stat Ch 8 & 9 RHB – Rad Prot Syllabus. What is the difference between X-ray & Gamma?. RHB – Rad Prot – CH. IX p 51. ALARA (no minimum threshold) STOCHASTIC EFFECTS – NON TRESHOLD (CA + GENETIC) NON STHOCAHSTIC (DETERMINISTIC)

signa
Télécharger la présentation

Radiation Protection

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Radiation Protection Stat Ch 8 & 9 RHB – Rad Prot Syllabus

  2. What is the difference betweenX-ray & Gamma?

  3. RHB – Rad Prot – CH. IX p 51 • ALARA (no minimum threshold) • STOCHASTIC EFFECTS – NON TRESHOLD (CA + GENETIC) • NON STHOCAHSTIC (DETERMINISTIC) SEVERITY OF EFFECTS VARIES WITH RADIATION DOSE (THRESHOLD) (CATARACTS, SKIN, BONE MARROW, STERILITY

  4. SCATTER FROM THE PATIENT TABLE TOP, COLLIMATOR, TUBE HOUSING, BUCKY STRAY RADIATION – LEAKAGE OR SCATTER RADIATION PERSONNEL PROTECTION

  5. PERSONNEL PROTECTION • STANDING BEHIND A PROTECTIVE PRIMARY (1/16TH pb) BARRIER: • PRIMARY RADIATION EXPOSURE – 99.87% REDUCED • PORTABLE BARRIER = 99 % REDUCTION

  6. PERSONNEL PROTECTION • PROTECTIVE APRONS – • 0.25 PB = 97% ↓ TO SCATTER • 0.5 PB = 99.9% ↓ TO SCATTER • THYROID SHEILDS (0.25 & 0.5) • GLOVES (0.25 & 0.5)

  7. FILM BADGE TLD POSL POCKET DOSIMETER RING BADGE PERSONNEL PROTECTIONMONITORING

  8. PERSONNEL PROTECTIONMONITORING • DOSE LIMITS • WHOLE BODY • EYES • EXTREMITIES (BELOW ELBOW/KNEES)

  9. Occupational DoseANNUAL LIMITS • WHOLE BODY = 5 REMS / 5000mRem • LENS OF THE EYE = 15 REMS • EXTREMITIES = 50 REMS

  10. TLD

  11. Ionization chamber

  12. Report at least every quarterPreserved for a minimum of 3 years

  13. RHB NOTIFICATION (EXP IN 24 HOURS) • IMMEDIATE – WITHIN 24 HOURS • TOTAL DOSE OF 25 rems • Eye dose – 75 rem • Extremity – 250 RADS • OVEREXPOSURE – WITHIN 30 DAYS • TOTAL DOSE OF 5 rems • Eye dose – 15 rem • Extremity - 50 REMS

  14. LICENSE RENEWAL • WITHIN 30 DAYS OF EXPRIATION • NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE OF ADDRESS

  15. HIGH RADIAITON AREA – • 100 mRem ( 0.1 rem / (1 msV) • @ 30 cm from the source of radiaton • RADIAITON AREA – • RHB: 5 mRem ( 0.005 rem / (.05 msV) • @ 30 cm from the source of radiation • PUBLIC 2 mrem per week* (STAT)

  16. RHB “RULES” RHB RP PG61 • LICENTIATES OF THE HEALING ARTS (MD, DO, DC, DPM) • MUST HAVE A • RADIOLOGY SUPERVISOR & OPERATORS PERMIT & CERTIFICATE • TO OPERATE OR SUPERVISE THE USE OF X-RAYS ON HUMANS • SUPEVISORS MUST POST THEIR LICENSES

  17. RHB “RULES” RHB RP PG62 • ALL XRAYS MUST BE ORDERED BY A PHYSICIAN • VERBAL OR WRITTEN PRESCRIPTION • See Section C – “Technologist Restrictions”

  18. CARDINAL RULES • TIME • DISTANCE • SHEILDING

  19. SHEILDING PG 72 RHB • HVL – expressed 2 ways • HOW MUCH IT REDUCES THE ORGINAL BEAM INTENSITY • HOW MUCH IS REQUIRED FOR BARRIER THICKNESS (amount needed to attenuated the beam

  20. Room SheildingCh. 9 • Workload Factor (W) -ma/sec/week – how much time during the week is the beam on • Occupancy Factor (T) - # of people in room - beyond the barrier • Use Factor (U) - % of time beam will strike a barrier (table pg 242) Primary vs Secondary • Leakage Radiation

  21. Which type of radiation is predominant above 80 kvp?

  22. 10 day rule • No threshold for exposure • Leukemia , congential abnormailies cander induction, resportion or death of the embryo and genetic effects • Therapetuic Abortion “not justified” • 25 rads or less – no injury seen • ABSORBED DOSES – 50 RADS – could result in a spontaneous abortion

  23. DOSE TO FETUS VS ESE

  24. Pregnancy & Embryo Mother – occupational worker (5 rem) • Baby – (500 mRem) • .5 rem/ year .05 rem/month • 5 mSv .5 mSv / month

  25. Declared Pregnant Worker • Must declare pregnancy – 2 badges provided • 1 worn at collar (Mother’s exposure) • 1 worn inside apron at waist level Under 5 rad – negligible risk Risk increases above 15 rad Recommend abortion (spontaneous) 25 rad • (“Baby exposure” approx 1/1000 of ESE) • www.ntc.gov/NRC/RG/08/08-013.html

More Related