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The English Reformation: Henry VIII’s Shift from Catholicism to Protestantism

The English Reformation, sparked by King Henry VIII in the early 16th century, fundamentally transformed religion in England. As a devout Catholic, Henry sought an annulment from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, for failing to produce a male heir. Denied by Pope Charles V, Henry enacted the Act of Supremacy, declaring himself the head of the Church of England in 1534. This pivotal change led to the seizure of church property, establishment of Protestantism, and a tumultuous succession that included his daughters, Mary and Elizabeth, who shaped future religious tensions.

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The English Reformation: Henry VIII’s Shift from Catholicism to Protestantism

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  1. England becomes Protestant Goals: Understand the reasons for the Reformation in England

  2. Henry VIII • 1509 – Becomes king (18) • Devout Catholic • “Defender of the Faith”

  3. Wife #1 Catherine of Aragon • Married in 1509 • 1516 – Daughter Mary • 1527 – Catherine too old • Needed male heir or…Civil War • Henry asks for annulment • Charles V would not let pope do this

  4. Reformation Parliament • Legalized Henry’s divorce • Declared Henry leader of Church in England • Act of Supremacy – People take oath recognizing divorce and Henry head of church • Thomas More - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gP-DYiJfw6g • Henry seized all church property and sold to nobles

  5. Wife #2Anne Boleyn • Married in 1527 • Daughter: Elizabeth • 1536 – Still no male child • Beheaded

  6. Wife #3Jane Seymour • 1536 – Married • Edward born • Jane dies in childbirth

  7. Wife #4-6Ann of Cleves • Wife #4 – Ann of Cleves • German Princess • Wife #5 – Catherine Howard • Committed adultery – Beheaded • Wife #6 – Catherine Parr • More of a nurse than a wife

  8. Henry’s Succession • 1548 – Henry died • Edward becomes king (9-15) • 1553- Mary becomes queen

  9. Mary • Devout Catholic • Tried to restore England • Resulted in Civil War • “Bloody Mary”

  10. Elizabeth I • 1558 - Became Queen • Restored Protestantism • Church of England (Anglican) • Tried to keep Protestants and Catholics happy

  11. Meet the Wives http://www.pbs.org/wnet/sixwives/

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