1 / 7

Marine Pollution

Marine pollution results from human activities that introduce harmful substances or energy into the marine environment, adversely affecting marine life, human health, and recreational activities. Major sources include shipping (oil and chemicals), land-based discharges (industrial waste and sewage), and seabed activities (debris and chemicals). International laws, such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), aim to regulate pollution and protect marine ecosystems. Understanding these sources and legal frameworks is crucial for mitigating marine pollution and safeguarding our oceans.

simon-tyson
Télécharger la présentation

Marine Pollution

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Marine Pollution By Wan Mariam Wan Abdullah

  2. Marine Pollution Introduction by man, directly or indirectly of substances or energy into the marine environment (including estuaries) resulting to deleterious effects as harms to living resources, hazard to human health, hindrance to marine activities including fishing, impairement of quality for use of sea water and reduction of amenities (UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission)

  3. Sources of Marine Pollution • Shipping activities – oil, fumes, ballast water, radiation by nuclear-powered ships, garbage, chemicals, liquid gas, radio-active, sewage • Dumping – disposing waste of land based activities, radio-active waste, military materials, sewage, industrial waste • Sea-bed activities – structures, industrial debris, domestic refuse, chemicals • Land-based and atmospheric pollution – sewage, industrial waste, chemicals, fertilisers, pesticides

  4. Framework of international law • Customary: • Art 2 of the High Sea Convention : “with reasonable regard to the interest of other States”. • Obligation of every State “not to allow knowingly its territory to be used for act contrary to the rights of others (Corfu Channel Case 1949 and Trail Smelter Arbitration Case 1938) • Treaties – general multilateral treaties, regional treaties, bilateral treaties and UNCLOS III (Art 192 – 235), Oil Pollution Convention, MARPOL

  5. Change in UNCLOS III

  6. Prescription and Enforcement of Pollution Standards

  7. cont

More Related