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Build Your Own Scratch Robot Motor Controller with MOSFET and Light Sensors

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Explore the exciting world of robotics with our DIY Scratch Robot Motor Controller project. This guide provides step-by-step instructions for creating a MOSFET motor controller using essential tools and components. Learn how to integrate light sensors to control motor operation based on light conditions. With a detailed circuit diagram and truth table, this project is perfect for hobbyists and students alike. Gather your components, unleash your creativity, and build your own intelligent robotic system!

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Build Your Own Scratch Robot Motor Controller with MOSFET and Light Sensors

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  1. Scratch Robots Motor Controller

  2. Scratch Robots Motor Controller Tools Radio Shack Tools $ 9.00 – Test Jumpers $ 3.00 – Screw driver $ 7.00 – Wire Strippers $ 20.00 – Multimeter -------------------------- $39.00 - Total Tools www.build-it-yourself.com

  3. Scratch Robots 3-state Motor Controller Motor Controller Radio Shack Parts $ 9.00 – 1-1/8” Modular IC Breadboard $ 3.00 - Photo Resistors $ 3.00 - 22 Gauge Hookup Wire $ 3.00 - 10K Potentiometer x2 $ 3.00 - 9V connector $ 4.00 – 1A, 30V diode x 4 $ 2.50 - 9V battery -------------------------- $27.00 – Sub Total Pololu Part pololu.com/catalog/product/24 $ 3.00 SN754410 Quadruple Half-H Driver Geared Motor hobbyengineering.com/H2028.html $10.00 Several Tamiya options $40.00 Total Parts pictures Circuit Board www.build-it-yourself.com

  4. D1 1A 30V Scratch Robots 3-state Motor Controller +9V R1 Photo resistor 2K light 50K dark 8,16 R5 10K D2 2 1 R2 10K 3 R3 5V to 9V DC Motor 1A 7 6 R4 D3 D4 4,5,12,13 www.build-it-yourself.com

  5. Scratch Robots 3-state Motor Controller • Truth Table: • Light Sensor R1 Black White Black White • Light Sensor R2 Black Black White White • Motor State Off Right Left Off • Wish List: • Make a printed circuit and solder parts • Add clockwise, counter clockwise lamp • Add on/off lamp • Add on/off switch • Research geared motors and shaft accessories www.build-it-yourself.com

  6. Scratch Robots On/Off MOSFET Motor Controller When the light sensor sees black, the motor is OFF. When the light sensor sees white, the motor is ON Motor Controller Radio Shack Parts $ 9.00 – 1-1/8” Modular IC Breadboard $ 2.00 - IRF510 N-channel MOSFET $ 3.00 - Photo Resistors $ 3.00 - 22 Gauge Hookup Wire $ 1.50 - 10K Potentiometer $ 3.00 - 9V connector $ 2.50 - 9V battery -------------------------- $24.00 - Total Circuit Board www.build-it-yourself.com

  7. Scratch Robots On/Off MOSFET Motor Controller +6V to 9V R1 Photo resistor 2K Ohms light (on) 50K Ohms dark (off) 5V to 9V DC Motor 1A VGate G D R2 10K S www.build-it-yourself.com

  8. Scratch Robots On/Off MOSFET Motor Controller +6V to 9V R1 Photo resistor 2K Ohms light (on) 50K Ohms dark (off) 5V to 9V DC Motor 1A VGate Q1 IRF510 N-channel MOSFET 2V-4V GS trigger voltage 20V GS Max voltage 4A DS current G – Gate D – Drain S – Source G D R2 10K S If the voltage between the Gate and Source, VGate, of this N-channel MOSFET is < 2 volts, no current can flow between the Drain and Source terminals. The motor will not run. If the Gate to Source voltage is > 4 volts, then current will flow between the Drain and Source and the motor will run. Adjust R2 so motor is off when R1 sees no light. The Gate voltage should be < 2 volts. When R1 sees light, its resistance should decrease raising the Gate voltage > 4 volts. Then the motor will run. Radio Shack Breadboard MOSFET On/Off Controller Build-It-Yourself www.build-it-yourself.com

  9. Scratch Robots MOSFET Motor Controller Voltage Divider (FET Gate Bias Control) 9V VGate 9V R2 R1+R2 = VGate 9V 10K 4K(light)+10K VGate = 6.4V R1 Photo Resistor = VGate R2 Variable Resistor VGate 9V 10K 16K(dark)+10K VGate= 3.4V = www.build-it-yourself.com

  10. Standard Radio Shack Light Sensor package of 6. Min ohms - White Med ohms - Grey Max ohms - Black The Problem: In a package of 6 light sensors, the resistance varies significantly. Note: Test No. 1, 3, 6 have the same physical size. Their resistance ranges are closer to each other than to other three. For 1, 3 and 6, the thresholds may be set, i.e. to 10 K Ohm and 25 k Ohm. Updated 10/05/2010

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