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Participial & Gerund Phrases

Participial & Gerund Phrases. English I PreAP. Participles & Participial Phrases. A participle is a verb “ functioning” like an adjective A participial phrase begins with a participle and the words that follow Present participles end in “- ing ” Past participles end in “- ed ”

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Participial & Gerund Phrases

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  1. Participial & Gerund Phrases English I PreAP

  2. Participles & Participial Phrases • A participle is a verb “functioning” like an adjective • A participial phrase begins with a participle and the words that follow • Present participles end in “-ing” • Past participles end in “-ed” Examples: • The crying baby had a wet diaper. (crying = participle) • Sitting up in bed, the man ate his breakfast. (sitting up in bed = participial phrase) • Her hair, braided and wrapped around her head, made a crown. (braided and wrapped around her head = participial phrase)

  3. Example Original Sentence: Sarah was blinded by the light when she walked into the concert hall. (Here the verb is functioning like a verb) Sentence with a participle: The blinding light blocked Sarah’s vision in the concert hall. (Here the verb is functioning like an adjective) Sentence with a participial phrase: Blinded by the light, Sarah walked into the concert hall. (Here the verb is functioning like an adjective as a phrase)

  4. Apply It! Using a participial phrase, describe what else could have happened in each sentence below. You can add it to the beginning of the sentence, in the middle, or the end! • We just saw Amber. • The captain walked across the deck. • The president smiled and waved at the crowd.

  5. Helpful Hints • Remember that you can add a participial phrase to the beginning of a sentence, the middle, or the end • It must be attached to a clause (sentence) • Look for the “-ing” or “-ed” verb (participle) that is functioning like an adjective!!

  6. Gerunds & Gerund Phrases • A gerund is a verb ending in –ing and functions as a noun • A gerund phrase begins with a gerund and the words that follow Examples: • Running is a good way to stay in shape. (running = gerund) • Running up stairs is a good way to stay in shape. (running up stairs = gerund phrase) • In the summer, my brother enjoys working as a lifeguard. (working as a lifeguard = gerund phrase)

  7. Example Original Sentence: Mr. Smith jogs to work almost every day. (Here the verb is functioning like a verb) Sentence with a gerund: Mr. Smith enjoys jogging almost every day. (Here the verb is functioning like a noun) Sentence with a gerund phrase: Mr. Smith enjoys jogging to work almost every day. (Here the verb is functioning like a noun in a phrase)

  8. Apply It! Use these gerunds in a sentence: • writing • traveling • sleeping

  9. Helpful Hints • A gerund is a verb ending in -ing that is used as a noun. • A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifier(s), object(s), and/or complement(s) • Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation

  10. More Resources GERUNDS & GERUND PHRASES Participles & Participial Phrases on OWL atPurdue Gerunds and Gerund Phrases on OWL at Purdue PARTICIPLES & PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

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