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Medicine

Medicine. Helps prevent, treat, or cure a disease or medical problem. Medicine can be ingested Swallowed Pills, capsules, or tablets Liquids Dissolving tablets or fizz tabs. Ways to Use Medicine. Medicine can be applied topically Rubbed on the skin Eye drops Patch (like a bandaid).

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Medicine

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  1. Medicine Helps prevent, treat, or cure a disease or medical problem

  2. Medicine can be ingested Swallowed Pills, capsules, or tablets Liquids Dissolving tablets or fizz tabs Ways to Use Medicine

  3. Medicine can be applied topically Rubbed on the skin Eye drops Patch (like a bandaid) Ways to Use Medicine

  4. Medicine can be inhaled Nasal sprays Asthma inhalers Medical marijuana Ways to Use Medicine

  5. Ways to Use Medicine Medicine can also be injected in a variety of ways

  6. IV - Intravenous

  7. Intramuscular

  8. Subcutaneous – (under the skin)

  9. Intraoseous (inside the bone)

  10. Epi Pen

  11. Classification of Medicine Medicines are generally grouped according to their affect on the body. They can: • Prevent disease • Fight infection • Relieve symptoms • Help maintain or restore health • Regulate body systems

  12. These are called vaccines or immunizations MMR Hepatitis B Guardasil Chickenpox Flu Medicines that prevent disease

  13. Epi pens are used for allergic reactions Peanuts Shellfish Berries Nuts Medicines for Emergencies

  14. Antibiotics – either killbacteria/pathogens or stop them from reproducing. They work only on bacterial not viral infections Amoxicillin Tetracycline Z pack penicilin Medicines that fight infection

  15. Narcotics – morphine (only used in hospitals) Hydrocodone Codeine NSAID – aspirin ( relievespain & reducesfever) Ibuprofen Medicines that relieve pain

  16. Aspirin can be dangerous in the following situations: Can cause stomach upset Can interfere with blood clotting Can cause Reye’s syndrome in children under 18 with flu like symptoms Acetaminopen also called Tylenol WHO SHOULDN’T USE ASPIRIN… Aspirin Dangers

  17. Alka Seltzer Anacin Bayer BC Cold Powder Doans Dristan Excedrin Kaopectate Pamprin Pepto Bismal Products That Contain Aspirin

  18. Acne cleaners & creams Arthritis pain relievers Astringents Dandruff Shampoos Exfoliating Moisturizers Facial Scrubs Facial Masques Muscle Pain relief cream Sport Strength SunBlock Products That Contain Aspirin

  19. Cardiovascular medicine 5 Main Types • Betablockers – help slow the heart rate and lower the blood pressure • Diuretics – increase urine productions to reduce the amount of water & sodium • Vasodialaters – dilate the veins and arteries to increase the blood and oxygen flow • Antiarrhythmics – used to treat any disturbance in the rhythm of the heart • Clot dissolving medicine – lowers high blood pressure and helps prevent blood clots

  20. Normal Heartbeat

  21. Irregular Heartbeats

  22. Ventricular Fibrulation

  23. Medicines have different effects on different people. The way you react to medicine depends on: Your age Your weight Your physical health Your sex Body’s Reaction to Medicine

  24. Additive Interaction Medicines work together in a positive way (they help each other) Examples: Muscle relaxant & anti inflammatory Sports Injuries (circulation improves, swelling goes down, & healing can begin) Medicine Interaction

  25. Synergistic Effect –results in a stronger effect (one medicine increases the strength of the other) Can result in an overdose Do not combine alcohol with any medicine Medicine Interaction

  26. Antagonistic Interaction When the effect of a medicine is cancelled or reduced when taken with another medicine Oral contraceptives and antibiotics The antibiotic interferes with the hormone in the birth control pills and limits their effectiveness…(yikes!) Medicine Interaction

  27. Other Problems Tolerance – the body gets used to the medicine. In order for the medicine to work the user must: • Take a larger dose • Take more frequent doses

  28. Other Problems Withdrawal – occurs when you stop taking a medicine on which you are physically dependent. The following symptoms may occur: • Headache • Insomnia • Vomiting • Fever / chills • Cramps (muscle or stomach) • Nervousness or shakiness

  29. Medicine Safety Medicine Safety is controlled by the FDA Safety is usually established through tests on groups of both healthy and ill patients. The tests are a step by step process and can take from 7-10 years

  30. Medicine Safety (continued) Medicines can be released to the public in two ways: Prescription Medicine – available only with written authorization from a doctor Over the counter medicine – medicines you can buy without a prescription

  31. Labeling • When the FDA approves a medicine it is saying that the medicine is: • Safe when used as directed • Effective for treating the illness or condition for which it was prescribed

  32. Prescription Medicine

  33. Over the Counter Medicine

  34. Medicine Misuse Using medicine in a way that is not safe • Giving your medicine to someone else • Taking someone else’s medicine • Taking too much or too little of a medicine • Discontinuing medicine without a doctor’s consent • Taking medicine for a long period of time than prescribed • Mixing medicines

  35. Medicine Safety at Home • Never place medicine in a unlabeled vial or other container • Store medicines in a safe place out of the reach of children & pets • Throw away any medicine that have passed their expiration date • Do not buy medicine for children that looks or tastes like candy.

  36. Avoiding Quacks • Secret ingredient • Miracle cure • Overnight relief • Limited offer • Endorsements by celebrities • Availability only through the mail • Foreign mail not available in the U.S. • Hard sell approach

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