The Basics of Quality Control for Insect Rearing 2010

1. The Basics of Quality Control for Insect Rearing2010 Norman C. Leppla University of Florida Department of Entomology and Nematology

2. Leppla’s Career inInsect Rearing • University of Arizona- Insect rearing research, 2 years • USDA, ARS- Insectary management Florida & Texas, 17 years • USDA, APHIS- Methods development, Washington DC & international, 7 years • University of Florida- Integrated pest management & BC, 13 years

3. Countries of Workshop Students

4. Educational Background Entomology PhD Agronomy MS BS Plant Health High School Number of responses On the Job

5. Educational Background 2010 Class

6. Learning How to Rear High Quality Insects • Apprentice in an insectary • Network with other professionals • Literature plus trial-and-error • Visit other insectaries • Reviews by experts • Education and Training programs

7. Insectary Manager Network Anyone associated with the mass rearing of insects Contact Person: Travis Wood United Industries Corporation

9. Insect Diet & Rearing Research, LLC • Rearing news • Research • Consultation • Educational programs • Quality control • Custom workshops http://www.insectdiets.com

10. Maintaining the Quality of Colonized Insects • Collection of appropriate biotypes • Colonization and strain development • Rearing proficiency • Colony management • Optimization • Strain replacement

11. I. Introduction

12. II. Colony Establishment and Maintenance II. A. Purposes for Rearing InsectsII. B. Types of Insect Rearing SystemsII. C. Options for Colonizing InsectsII. D. Maintaining the Quality of Colonized Insects

13. II. A. Purposes for Rearing Insects

14. White witch, Thysaniaagrippina(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae

15. II. B. Types of Insect Rearing Systems Small Scale Rearing: Butterflies Painted Lady Monarch

16. Insect Rearing Facilities Diet Preparation Building General Rearing Building

17. State-of-the-Art Rearing Rooms

18. Medium-Scale Rearing: Lepidoptera Cabbage Looper, Trichoplusiani Corn Earworm, Helicoverpazea

19. USDA, ARS Rearing Keith Halein Clarence Green Jack Rye Bill Fisher

20. USDA, ARS Rearing Fred Adams Fred Adams Steve Carlyle

21. Insect rearing is never a boring task; insects are always doing something interesting and pose new challenges all the time Annie Lorie Punky Rogers USDA, ARS Rearing

22. Mass Rearing: Medfly El Pino, Guatemala Capacity of 3.5 billion sterile male pupae per week Metapa, Mexico

23. Honolulu, Hawaii Nori Tanaka

24. II. C. Options for Colonizing Insects Peter Ebling Insect Producer Database Mgr. Great Lakes Forestry Centre 1219 Queen St. East Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2E5 peter.ebling@nrcan.gc.ca (705) 541-5517

25. World-wide listing, 35 insect & 21 nematode orders • Data submitted by sources • Searchable database • Expand clients • Adopt-a-colony http://www.insect.glfc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca

26. Field Collecting Cabbage Loopers

27. Continuous Improvement of Insect Rearing Capability

28. II. D. Maintaining the Quality of Colonized Insects

32. III. Monitoring Quality III. A. Quality Control Criteria and Standardized Tests III. B. Sampling for Consistent Quality III. C. Production, Process and Product Control

33. III. A. Quality Control Criteria and Standardized Tests • Quantity- Number of Pupae or Adults • Size- Weight of Pupae • Fecundity- Oviposition and Egg Hatch • Rate of Development-Synchronization • Adult Behavior-Flight, Longevity • Field Performance- Achieve Purpose

34. Specifications- Requirements for a product or service Standards- The level of quality at which a specification is written

36. III. B. Sampling for Consistent Quality Count = Measurement = N Mean = Sum/Number of Counts = X Variance = Sum of (N – X)2 / n-1 = 2 Standard Deviation = Square Root of 2= SD

38. III. C. Production, Process and Product Control

39. IV. Evaluation and Management IV. A. Structured Diagnostic Procedures IV. B. Quality Control versus Methods Improvement IV. C. Periodic Review versus Crisis Review

40. IV. A. Structured Diagnostic Procedures

41. IV. B. Quality Control versus Methods Improvement Quality Control • Monitor indicator variables • Evaluate multiple variables • Troubleshoot using QC data • Conduct evaluations rapidly • Goal is to restore stable production Methods Improvement • Conduct evaluations methodically • Test one variable at a time • Use controlled experiments • Test results in the production system • Goal is to optimize production

42. Improving Male Fruit Fly Performance Abiotic Environment • Holding Cages • Handling for Release Biotic Environment • Juvenile hormone • Nutrients (sucrose) • Semiochemicals

43. Olivefly Methods Improvement FAO/IAEA Entomology Unit Seibersdorf, Austria - 2009

44. Eggs hatched Eggs laid Eggs/Cage Sex ratio male:female

45. Eggs laid Eggs Hatched Total eggs laid Number of females

46. Eggs laid Eggs hatched Total eggs laid Number of males

47. Olivefly Methods Improvement

48. Terms of reference Preparation Seek to understand Clarify Report Feedback Reflect IV. C. Periodic Review versus Crisis Review

49. V. Guidelines for Quality Systems IOBC

50. Global Quality Control Programs • Individual Companies Customers • International Standards ISO 9000 ASTM International IOBC Guidelines • The Marketplace Quality Products