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Chinese Religious and Philosophical Traditions

Chinese Religious and Philosophical Traditions. Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism. 4.4 Philosophy and Religion in China. The Wisdom of Confucius Born in 551 B.C. to a noble, but poor family Became a great teacher / philosopher More interested in social order and good gov’t than in religion

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Chinese Religious and Philosophical Traditions

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  1. Chinese Religious and Philosophical Traditions Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism

  2. 4.4 Philosophy and Religion in China The Wisdom of Confucius • Born in 551 B.C. to a noble, but poor family • Became a great teacher / philosopher • More interested in social order and good gov’t than in religion • Students wrote his sayings in the Analects.

  3. Five Relationships • Taught that harmony resulted from people accepting their place in society and the 5 R’s. • These had duties & responsibilities • Filial piety (respect for parents) was above all others • Gov’t had resp to provide good gov’t & leaders would be educated • After his death, even Chinese rulers relied on Confucian ideas • Korea, Japan, & Vietnam also accepted his beliefs (almost 1/3 world’s pop)

  4. The Harsh Ideas of Legalism • Teachings of Hanfeizi • Believe nature of man is evil • Strict laws and harsh punishments • Emphasis on law (legalism) • Many feudal Chinese rulers chose Legalism to keep order (Official policy of Emperor Qin) • United China in 221 B.C. • His laws were so cruel that many hated Legalism after him

  5. Daoism: The Unspoken Way • Founded by Laozi “Old Master” (Same time as Confucius) • Sought to live in harmony w/ nature • Wrote The Way of Virtue • Dao (Tao) The Way • Rejected conflict and strife • Many turned from the “unnatural” ways of society • Hermits, artists, or poets

  6. y • Daoists – “best gov’t governs least” • Turned into a popular religion w/ gods (godesses) & magical practices • Contributed to science & medicine • Gradually blended Daoism (view of the world) with Confucianism (behavior) Spread of Buddhism • By 100 A.D. Mahayana Buddhism spread • Became more popular b/c it offered personal salvation -

  7. 4.4 Review Questions When did Confucius exist? Explain basic Confucianism. What other countries had Confucianism? What is the basic idea of Legalism? Who was its founder? Who used his ideas? What is the basic idea of Daoism? What does “Dao” mean? Daoism eventually blended w/ which other philosophy? Why did Buddhism spread to China?

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