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Electric Current

Electric Current. Rule : Charges flow from high-voltage areas to low-voltage areas. Voltage. It is like an electrical pressure that pushes charge. Voltage Difference The push that causes charges to move. Measured in volts (V)

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Electric Current

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  1. Electric Current Rule: Charges flow from high-voltage areas to low-voltage areas

  2. Voltage • It is like an electrical pressure that pushes charge. Voltage Difference The push that causes charges to move. Measured in volts (V) A voltage difference must be present for electric charge to flow.

  3. Closed Circuit • What would happen to the water flow if a pipe broke? • The water would stop flowing. For water to flow, the pipe must always make a closed loop. The same is true for charges flowing through a wire Circuit: A closed, conducting Path Electric Current: the flow of charges through a wire or any conductor

  4. Resistance • The tendency of a material to oppose the flow of electrons, changing electrical energy into thermal and light energy. • The size and length of ware affects its resistance • Electrons move better through thick, short wires

  5. Dry-Cell Batteries Dry-Cell • Most common type of battery. • A metal rod surrounded by moist electrolyte paste. May or may not be rechargeable • Remote control, IPOD, CD player, radios toys

  6. Wet-cell Batteries Wet-Cell • Contains lead and solution of sulfuric acid. Used to provide the spark to start the engine. • Car, truck, other motor vehicles

  7. Electric Circuits • Electrical devices • Rely on a source of electrical energy and wires. • Include a voltage source, a conductor, and device(s) that use the energy to do work.

  8. Series Circut • The current has only ONE loop to flow through. Use some holiday lights and flashlights Problem: When any part of a series circuit is disconnected, no current flows through the circut

  9. Parallel Circuits • Contain 2 or more branches for current to move through Use: houses Advantages • When one branch is opened, the current continues to flow through the other • Individual parts can be turned off without affecting the entire circuit

  10. Parallel Vs. Series

  11. Fuses and Circuit Breakers Fuses Contains a small piece of metal that melts if the current becomes too high. If it melts, it causes the break in the circuit and needs to be replaced Circuit Breaker Contains a piece of metal that bends when it gets hot. The bending causes the switch to flip and open the circuit and needs to be replaced

  12. Electrical Power • Electrical energy is converted easily to other types of energy • Examples: • Converted to mechanical energy as the blades of a fan cool you • Converted to light energy in light bulbs • Converted to thermal energy in a hair dryer Electrical power: the rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy

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