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Language and Literacy Development of Second Language Learners. Ideas to help all students with language and literacy. Stages of Language Acquisition. Silent Period 6 months Early Speech 6-12 months Intermediate Speech 12 months Advanced Speech 12 months
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Language and Literacy Development of Second Language Learners Ideas to help all students with language and literacy
Stages of Language Acquisition • Silent Period 6 months • Early Speech 6-12 months • Intermediate Speech 12 months • Advanced Speech 12 months • Interpersonal communication skills are usually developed in 3-4 years while academiclanguage skills can take up to 7 years or longer to develop and be on par with native English speaking peers
Influences on language development • Previous schooling in home country • Amount of English spoken in the home • Literacy levels of the parents • Amount of English spoken outside of the home environment • Access to English language development activities in and out of school setting
Activities that promote language development • Increased opportunities for students to use target language with peers • Increased student talk to explain situations related to area of study in the classroom • Increased opportunities for students to work in cooperative groups to solve problems • Increased opportunities for students to be exposed to literature and written language
General Principles to guide our instruction • Use of Total Physical Response (TPR) in which language is expressed in words and with actions. • Academic Language Scaffolding or accessing prior knowledge is important prior to beginning a lesson to discover how much, if anything, the students know about a topic. • Use of realia or real life objects about a subject helps the student to connect words and meanings through the use of visual aids.
General strategies to assist English language learners • Flow charts • Venn diagrams • Concept mapping • Language ladders • Asking higher and lower order questions • Jigsaw • KWL • Dialog Journals • Think---Pair---Share
Classroom activities that promote listening skills • Minimal Pairs activities • BINGO activities related to content • Clipped • Team Spelling Test • Team Dictation/Sentence Extension • Following directions activities • Interview/QtA
Classroom activities that promote reading skills • Pre-Reading Activity • Junior Detective • SCAN • You Be the Judge • Hearts activity • Story Grammar • Take Home Reading activities • Books on tape/CD at home or in listening centers
Classroom activities that promote writing skills • Language Experience Approach with strong scaffolding prompts • Flip Flop • Indirect Speech • Framed Paragraphs • Write Tools • Detective
Classroom activities that promote speaking/reading skills • Dialogs • Guided Show and Tell • Oral reading of directions • Oral presentation of written works • Finish the sentence • Add an adjective • What’s my line?
Classroom activities that promote vocabulary skills • Line of Fortune • Concentration with vocabulary or other words/skills/concepts • Fishing for Phonics • Big “W” • Wrong Word • Jeopardy • Classification activities
Classroom activities that promote grammar skills • Word order cards • Wrong Word Writing • Flesh It Out • Who, What, Where, When, How, Why? • Sentence Builders • Sentence Stretchers • Formation/Transformation • Rewrite the Paragraph