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Government and the state

Government and the state. Political Terms. State: independent unit that occupies a specific territory and has full control of its internal/external affairs. Nation: group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity.

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Government and the state

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  1. Government and the state

  2. Political Terms • State: independent unit that occupies a specific territory and has full control of its internal/external affairs. • Nation: group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity. • Nation-state: nation and a state occupy the same territory.

  3. Types of Governments

  4. Democracy • Citizens hold political power, either directly or through elected representatives. • United States

  5. Monarchy • Ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power, and may or may not share with citizen bodies. • United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia.

  6. Dictatorship • Individual or group holds complete political power. • North Korea

  7. Communism • Government and economic system, nearly all political power and means of production are held by the government in the name of all people. • Old Soviet Union, China.

  8. Question? What are some issues each government might face?

  9. Geographic Distribution of Power • Unitary Government • All powers of the Government belong to a single, central agency. • The Central Government creates local units of government for its own convenience. • Local governments have only those powers that the central government chooses to give them. • Example: Great Britain • Federal Government • The powers are divided between a central government and several local governments. • Both levels of government act directly on the people through their own sets of laws, officials, and agencies.

  10. Geographic Distribution of Power • Confederate Government • This is an alliance of independent states. • This structure makes it possible for several states to cooperate in matters of common concern and also retain their separate identities. • Presidential Government • Executive and legislative branches of the government are separate, independent of one another, and coequal.

  11. Geographic Distribution of Power • Parliamentary Government • The Executive is made up of the prime minister and that official’s cabinet. • The Prime Minister and cabinet themselves are members of the legislative branch, the parliament. • The Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party or of a likeminded group of parties in parliament and is chosen by that body.

  12. Basic Concepts of Democracy • Foundations • Worth of the Individual • Equality of All Persons • Majority Rule, Minority Rights • Necessity of Compromise • Individual Freedom • How the System Works • Government and the Free Enterprise System

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