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ANALOG ELECTRONIC (BEL 10203)

ANALOG ELECTRONIC (BEL 10203) . By: DR. NAFARIZAL BIN NAYAN Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. 2. DIODE CIRCUITS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS. Diode characteristic. Diode circuit analysis

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ANALOG ELECTRONIC (BEL 10203)

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  1. ANALOGELECTRONIC (BEL 10203) By: DR. NAFARIZAL BIN NAYAN Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

  2. 2. DIODE CIRCUITS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS Diode characteristic • Diode circuit analysis • Diode applications • Half-wave rectifier • Full-wave rectifier • Clipping circuit • Clamping circuit

  3. Diode characteristic From Kirchoff’s Voltage Law (KVL), Plot this equation to ID-VD graph

  4. Diode characteristic and load line If ID=0, VD=Vss If VD=0, ID=Vss/R

  5. Diode approximation (+) (-) Forward biased Reverse biased

  6. Offset voltage for diode Silicon Ideal id id vd vd 0.7 0

  7. Diode circuit analysis Tutorial: Example 2.1-2.4

  8. Diode applications • Half-wave rectifier • Full-wave rectifier • Clipping circuit • Clamping circuit

  9. Half-wave rectifier Forward biased Reverse biased Average value:

  10. Full-wave rectifier Positive half-cycle Negative half-cycle

  11. Full-wave rectifier One can also construct a full-wave rectifier circuit using four diodes. → Bridge rectifier circuit

  12. Clipping circuit Clippers are networks that employs diodes to “clip” away a portion of an input signal without distorting the remaining part of the applied waveform. • Two general categories: • Series • Parallel

  13. Series • Parallel

  14. Biased Clipper circuit RL Step 1 Determine the transition voltage Step 2 Determine forward & reverse biased

  15. Clamping circuit A clamper is a network constructed of a diode, a resistor, and a capacitor that shifts a waveform to a different dc level without changing the appearance of the applied signal.

  16. Examples:

  17. Zener diode A zener diode is a p-n junction device which is designed for a specific reverse breakdown voltage.

  18. Zener effect: High reverse voltages can provide electrons enough energy to “jump” from valence band to conduction band, thus creating free electrons. Hence, the diode conducts a high current under reverse bias. Energy band in Silicon Atom

  19. Depletion region Avalanche effect: Minority carriers in the depletion region are strongly accelerated by the electric field, thus creating electron-hole pairs by impact ionization. The increase of free carriers increases the current, which provides more carriers to create impact ionization

  20. I-V characteristic of zener diode

  21. Application of Zener Diode • Zener diode can be used as a voltage regulator for providing stable constant reference voltages

  22. Application of Zener Diode (continue…) • Zener diode can be used as a voltage regulator for providing stable constant reference voltages Zener diode 1N4740A Izk=0.25 mA Power specification=1W **Zener impedance is neglected Maximum and minimum input voltage? To maintain an approximate 10V output.

  23. The power specification is 1W. Thus, For minimum zener current, the voltage across 220 resistor is Since VR = VIN – VZ,

  24. For the maximum zener current, the voltage across the 220 resistor is, Therefore, This shows that this zener diode can ideally regulate an input voltage from 10.055V to 32V and maintain an approximate 10V output.

  25. Application of Zener Diode • Zener diode can also be used as a clipper • Zener diode as voltage regulator • The basic discrete regulator is Zener regulator.

  26. Exercise 1

  27. Exercise 2

  28. Exercise 3

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